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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-TEO-2224</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2224</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Корригирующий эффект растворимых факторов макрофагов М2-фенотипа у детей с нарушением речи</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Therapeutic effect of soluble factors of M2 phenotype macrophages in children with language impairments</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8997-3586</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевела</surname><given-names>Е. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevela</surname><given-names>E. Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шевела Екатерина Яковлевна — доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточной иммунотерапии.</p><p>630099, Новосибирск, ул. Ядринцевская, 14.</p><p>Тел.: 8 (383) 236-03-29.</p><p>Факс: 8 (383) 222-70-28.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina Ya. Shevela - PhD, MD (Medicine), Leading Research Associate, Laboratory of Cellular Immunotherapy, Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology.</p><p>630099, Novosibirsk, Yadrintsevskaya str., 14.</p><p>Phone: 7 (383) 236-03-29.</p><p>Fax: 7 (383) 222-70-28.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shevelak@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дегтярева</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Degtyareva</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дегтярева Валентина Г. — кандидат медицинских наук, врач-невролог высшей категории, заслуженный врач России, руководитель ООО «Медицинский центр “Синеглазка”».</p><p>Новосибирск.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina G. Degtyareva - PhD (Medicine), Clinical Neurologist, Honored Doctor of Russian Federation, Head, Medical Center “Sineglazka”.</p><p>Novosibirsk.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vd@sineglazka.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сосновская</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sosnovskaya</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сосновская Анастасия В. — логопед.</p><p>Новосибирск.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasiya V. Sosnovskaya - Speech Therapist, Medical Center “Sineglazka”.</p><p>Novosibirsk.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@sineglazka.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воронова Елена В. — врач функциональной диагностики.</p><p>Новосибирск.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Voronova - Functional Diagnostics Physician, Medical Center “Sineglazka”.</p><p>Novosibirsk.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ev@sineglazka.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кафанова</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kafanova</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафанова Марина Ю. — кандидат медицинских наук, врач-нейрохирург высшей категории.</p><p>Новосибирск.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina Yu. Kafanova - PhD (Medicine), Neurosurgeon, Pediatric City Clinical Hospital No. 1.</p><p>Novosibirsk.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kafanova@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ращупкин</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rashchupkin</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ращупкин Иван М. — аспирант лаборатории клеточной иммунотерапии.</p><p>Новосибирск.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan M. Rashchupkin - Postgraduate Student, Laboratory of Cellular Immunotherapy, Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology.</p><p>Novosibirsk.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iwwwanbets@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6895-938X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Останин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostanin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Останин Александр А. — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточной иммунотерапии.</p><p>Новосибирск.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr A. Ostanin - PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Chief Research Associate, Laboratory of Cellular Immunotherapy, Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology.</p><p>Novosibirsk.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ostanin62@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2346-6279</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черных</surname><given-names>Е. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernykh</surname><given-names>E. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черных Елена Р. — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, заведующая лабораторией клеточной иммунотерапии.</p><p>Новосибирск.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena R. Chernykh - PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Corresponding Member, Russian Academy of Sciences, Head, Laboratory of Cellular Immunotherapy, Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology.</p><p>Novosibirsk.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ct_lab@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт фундаментальной и клинической иммунологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский центр “Синеглазка”</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Medical Center “Sineglazka”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ Новосибирской области «Детская городская больница № 1»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pediatric City Clinical Hospital No. 1</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>1137</fpage><lpage>1150</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шевела Е.Я., Дегтярева В.Г., Сосновская А.В., Воронова Е.В., Кафанова М.Ю., Ращупкин И.М., Останин А.А., Черных Е.Р., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шевела Е.Я., Дегтярева В.Г., Сосновская А.В., Воронова Е.В., Кафанова М.Ю., Ращупкин И.М., Останин А.А., Черных Е.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shevela E.Y., Degtyareva V.G., Sosnovskaya A.V., Voronova E.V., Kafanova M.Y., Rashchupkin I.M., Ostanin A.A., Chernykh E.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2224">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2224</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью исследования явилась оценка безопасности и клинической эффективности ингаляционной иммунотерапии на основе интраназального введения биоактивных факторов макрофагов М2-фенотипа у детей с нарушением речевого развития, а также исследование влияния ингаляционной иммунотерапии на профиль цитокинов в сыворотке крови пациентов. В исследование, которое проводили по протоколу NCT04689282 (www.ClinicalTrials.gov), были включены 14 детей (9 мальчиков / 5 девочек), в возрасте от 3 до 8 лет, с расстройствами речи, связанными с перинатальными или постнатальными поражениями ЦНС различного генеза. Оценку состояния детей неврологом и логопедом проводили до начала терапии, по завершении курса (1 мес.) и через 6 месяцев. Образцы сыворотки крови для анализа цитокинового профиля получали до и через 1 месяц после терапии. Курсовое лечение с использованием интраназальных ингаляций кондиционных сред М2-макрофагов (по 2 мл 1 раз в сутки в течение 28-30 дней) было безопасным и хорошо переносимым. Ни у одного из 14 пролеченных детей не было отмечено выраженных побочных реакций и тяжелых нежелательных явлений. Интраназальная иммунотерапия приводила к уменьшению выраженности речевых расстройств, что проявлялось улучшением понимания речи на 45%, сенсомоторного уровя речи — на 51%, навыков словообразования — на 72%, а также двукратному возрастанию общей и мелкой моторики. У детей с наличием признаков расстройств аутистического спектра наряду с улучшением речевой активности, регистрировалось уменьшение выраженности аутоподобной симптоматики, о чем свидетельствовало статистически достоверное снижение балла по шкале CARS с 42,5 до 38,5 через 1 месяц и 33 баллов через 6 месяцев (р &lt; 0,05). Клинический эффект проявлялся достаточно быстро — уже через месяц после первой процедуры — и сохранялся или усиливался в течение 6-месячного наблюдения. При этом две трети детей продемонстрировали отчетливое клиническое улучшение, у остальных улучшение было незначительным. Сравнительный анализ сывороточного уровня цитокинов в этих подгруппах показал, что дети с выраженным положительным ответом на ингаляционную иммунотерапию отличались: 1) исходно более высоким уровнем VEGF и IGF-1; и 2) снижением уровня TNFα в ответ на ингаляционную иммунотерапию. В целом нами впервые апробирован принципиально новый подход, основанный на применении растворимых факторов М2-макрофагов и интраназального пути их введения для лечения детей с выраженными речевыми нарушениями, и продемонстрирована безопасность и, по предварительным данным, эффективность подобного подхода.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the present study was to assess safety and clinical efficacy of inhalation immunotherapy based on intranasal administration of bioactive factors produced by the M2 phenotype macrophages in children with language impairments, as well as to study the effect of inhalation immunotherapy on the cytokine profile in the patients' blood serum. The study was carried out according to the NCT04689282 protocol (www.ClinicalTrials.gov) and included 14 children (9 boys / 5 girls), aged 3 to 8 years, with language impairments associated with perinatal or postnatal CNS lesions of various origin. The children recruited into the study were assessed by a neurologist and speech therapist before the therapy, at the end of the course (1 month), and 6 months later. Serum samples for cytokine analysis were obtained before and 1 month after therapy. The course of intranasal inhalations by the conditioned M2 media (2 ml one time per day for 28-30 days) was safe and well tolerated. None of the 14 treated children had significant adverse reactions and severe undesirable events. Intranasal immunotherapy led to a decrease in the severity of language problems, which manifested by improved speech understanding by 45%; the sensorimotor level of speech, by 51%; word formation skills, by 72%, as well as a twofold increase in general and fine motor skills. In children with signs of autism spectrum disorders, along with a language improvement, a decrease in the severity of autistic symptoms was registered, as evidenced by statistically significant decrease in the CARS score from 42.5 to 38.5 after 1 month, and to 33 points after 6 months (p &lt; 0.05). The clinical effect was revealed rather soon, i.e., within a month after the first procedure, being maintained or intensified during a follow-up for 6 months. At the same time, two-thirds of the children showed a clear clinical improvement, with insignificant effect in the rest of patients. Comparative analysis of the serum cytokine levels in these subgroups showed that children with a pronounced positive response to inhaled immunotherapy differed in the following parameters: (1) initially higher level of VEGF and IGF-1, and (2) decrease the level of TNFα in response to intranasal immunotherapy. In summary, we first tested a fundamentally new approach based on the use of soluble factors from M2-type macrophages and intranasal route of their administration in order to treat the children with severe language impairments, demonstrating safety and obtained preliminary data on effectiveness of such approach.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>макрофаги</kwd><kwd>М2-фенотип</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd><kwd>интраназальные ингаляции</kwd><kwd>расстройства речевого развития</kwd><kwd>алалия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>macrophages</kwd><kwd>M2 phenotype</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd><kwd>intranasal inhalations</kwd><kwd>specific language impairments</kwd><kwd>alalia</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена за счет средств федерального бюджета на проведение фундаментальных научных исследований по теме «Обоснование и разработка новых технологий иммуномодуляции, стимуляции репаративных процессов и коррекции поведенческих и аддиктивных расстройств на основе использования миелоидных, лимфоидных и стволовых клеток и/или продуктов их секретома».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бадалян Л.О. 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