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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-IOM-2014</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2217</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SHORT COMMUNICATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние метаболитов микроорганизмов многолетнемерзлых пород на синтез цитокинов мононуклеарными клетками периферической крови человека in vitro</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Influence of metabolites of microorganisms from permafrost on the synthesis cytokines by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колыванова</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolyvanova</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колыванова Светлана Сергеевна – младший научный сотрудник отдела биоресурсов криосферы; аспирант иститута биологии </p><p>625026, Россия, г. Тюмень, ул. Малыгина, 86</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kolyvanova Svetlana S., Junior Research Associate, Department of Cryosphere Bioresources; Рostgraduate Student, Institute of Biology</p><p>625026, Russian Federation, Tyumen, Malygin str., 86</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kolyvanova93@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каленова</surname><given-names>Л. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalenova</surname><given-names>L. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., главный научный сотрудник отдела биоресурсов криосферы; ведущий научный сотрудник международного центра криологии и криософии</p><p>г. Тюмень</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Biolology), Chief Research Associate, Department of Cryosphere Bioresources; Leading Research Associate, International Center of Cryology and Cryosophy</p><p>Tyumen</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН ФИЦ «Тюменский научный центр» Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук; ФГАОУ ВО «Тюменский государственный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tyumen Scientific Centre, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences; Tyumen State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>137</fpage><lpage>142</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Колыванова С.С., Каленова Л.Ф., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Колыванова С.С., Каленова Л.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kolyvanova S.S., Kalenova L.F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2217">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2217</self-uri><abstract><p>Вечная мерзлота является уникальной экосистемой, характеризующейся стабильно отрицательными температурами и в которой микроорганизмы могут находиться в состоянии гипометаболизма или анабиоза на протяжении геологического времени. Известно, что микроорганизмы занимают широкий ареал обитания благодаря наличию полифункциональных систем адаптации и коммуникации. Одним из проявлений данных систем является выработка вторичных метаболитов (МБ), в состав которых входят сигнальные молекулы, не имеющие строгой видовой специфичности. Биологическая активность сигнальных молекул в значительной степени зависит от количества бактериальных клеток и температуры их культивирования.</p><p>В данной работе использованы вторичные метаболиты Bacillus sp. из вечной мерзлоты, полученные при различных температурах культивирования микроорганизмов (при -5 °C – «холодовые» МБ и при 37 °C – «тепловые» МБ) в дозах 0,05 × 106 (малая доза) микробных клеток (м.кл.) в мл физиологического раствора или 500 × 106 (высокая доза) м.кл./мл. Оценено влияние МБ Bacillus sp. на продукцию TNFα, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-2, IFNγ, IL-4, IL-10 мононуклеарными клетками периферической крови (МНК) человека в супернатантах 24-часовых клеточных культур методом ИФА с использованием тест-системы «ВекторБЕСТ» (Россия) на спектрофотометре LUCY-2 (ANTHOS) (Австрия) согласно рекомендациям производителя.</p><p>Установлено, что по сравнению с контролем под влиянием МБ Bacillus sp. вне зависимости от температуры их получения и дозы бактерий активность синтеза МНК человека основного спектра цитокинов достоверно возросла (p &lt; 0,01 для всех показателей), за исключением IL-8, уровень которого не отличался от контрольного под влиянием высокой дозы «тепловых» МБ. По сравнению с ФГА синтез цитокинов МНК зависел от дозы и температуры получения МБ. Так, под влиянием «тепловых» МБ уровень TNFα был достоверно ниже его уровня под влиянием ФГА не зависимо от дозы. Уровень IL-8 был снижен относительно ФГА под влиянием метаболитов от 500 × 106 м.кл. вне зави- симости от температуры их получения. Сравнение между собой влияния «тепловых» и «холодовых» МБ Bacillus sp. показало, что малые дозы «холодовых» метаболитов в большей степени стимулируют синтез провоспалительных цитокинов (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-8, IFNγ). Высокие дозы «тепловых» метаболитов Bacillus sp. в большей степени активируют МНК человека на синтез противовоспалительных цитокинов (IL- 4 и IL-10). Учитывая, что TNFα, IL-1β и IL-10 являются цитокинами системного действия, ответственными не только за активацию системы иммунитета, а также мобилизацию других регуляторных систем организма, можно в перспективе рассматривать возможность использования вторичных метаболитов микроорганизмов многолетнемерзлых пород в качестве субстрата для разработки новых иммуномодуляторов и адаптогенов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Permafrost is a unique ecosystem characterized by consistently negative temperatures. It has been shown that microorganisms can be there in a state of hypometabolism or anabiosis during geological time. It is known that microorganisms occupy a wide habitat due to the presence of multifunctional systems of adaptation and communication. One of the manifestations of these systems is the production of secondary metabolites (MBs), which include signaling molecules that do not have strict species specificity. The biological activity of signaling molecules largely depends on the number of bacterial cells and the temperature of their cultivation.</p><p>In this work we used secondary MBs of Bacillus sp. from Permafrost obtained at different temperatures of microorganism cultivation (at -5 °C – “cold” MBs and at 37 °C – “warm” MBs) in doses of 0,05 × 106 (small dose) of microbial cells (m.cl.) in ml of saline or 500 × 106 (high dose) m.cl./ml. The influence of MB of Bacillus sp. for the TNFα, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-2, IFNγ, IL-4 and IL-10 production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNC) in supernatants of 24-hour cell cultures was estimated by ELISA whith using the “VectorBEST” test system (Russia) on a LUCY-2 (ANTHOS) spectrophotometer (Austria).</p><p>It was found that the activity of synthesis by human MNC of the main spectrum of cytokines significantly increased (p &lt; 0.01 for all indicators) under the influence of MB Bacillus sp. regardless of the temperature of their cultivation and the dose of bacteria. The exception was IL-8, the level of which under the influence of a high dose of “warm” MBs didn’t differ from the control. Compared to PHA the cytokines synthesis by MNC depended on the dose and the temperature of obtaining of MBs. Thus, under the influence of “warm” MBs the level of TNFα was significantly lower than its level under the influence of PHA regardless of the dose. Regardless of the temperature of obtaining metabolites the level of IL-8 under the influence of metabolites from a dose of 500 × 106 m.cl. was reduced relative to the PHA group. Comparison of the influence of “warm” and “cold” MBs of Bacillus sp. showed that small doses of “cold” metabolites to a greater extent stimulate the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-8, IFNγ). High doses of “heat” metabolites of Bacillus sp. to a greater extent they activate human MNCs for the synthesis of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL- 4 and IL-10). Considering that TNFα, IL-1β and IL-10 are cytokines of systemic action and are responsible not only for the activation of the immune system, but also for the mobilization of other regulatory systems of the organism, it can be assumed that the secondary metabolites of microorganisms from Permafrost will be efficient as a substrate for the development of new immunomodulators and adaptogens in the future.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>провоспалительные цитокины</kwd><kwd>противовоспалительные цитокины</kwd><kwd>мононуклеарные клетки крови</kwd><kwd>вторичные метаболиты бактерий многолетнемерзлых пород</kwd><kwd>антиген-индуцированная реакция бластной трансформации лимфоцитов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pro-inflammatory cytokines</kwd><kwd>anti-inflammatory cytokines</kwd><kwd>blood mononuclear cells</kwd><kwd>secondary metabolites of bacteria from permafrost</kwd><kwd>antigen-induced reaction of blast-cell transformation of lymphocytes</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by the Russian Federal Property Fund in the framework of scientific project No. 18-55-11005.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brushkov A.V., Melnikov V.P., Shchelchkova M.V., Griva G.I., Repin V.E., Brenner E.V., Tanaka M. 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