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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-IOG-2167</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2167</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние режимов профилактики РТПХ на восстановление клеточного звена иммунной системы у пациентов после трансплантации аллогенных гемопоэтических стволовых клеток</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Impact of graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis on immune reconstitution in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михальцова</surname><given-names>Е. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhaltsova</surname><given-names>E. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник сектора по изучению иммунных воздействий и осложнений после ТКМ.</p><p>125167, Москва, Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Research Associate, Sector for Studying Immune Effects and Complications of HSCT, National Research Center for Hematology.</p><p>125167, Moscow, Novy Zykovsky lane, 4.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач-гематолог отделения интенсивной высокодозной химиотерапии и трансплантации костного мозга.</p><p>125167, Москва, Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Clinical Hematologist, Department of Intensive High-Dose Chemotherapy and Bone Marrow Transplantation, National Research Center for Hematology.</p><p>125167, Moscow, Novy Zykovsky lane, 4.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9431-8316</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дроков</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drokov</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дроков Михаил Юрьевич — кандидат медицинских наук, руководитель сектора по изучению иммунных воздействий и осложнений после ТКМ.</p><p>125167, Москва, Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4.</p><p>Тел.: 8 (495) 614-90-42.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail Yu. Drokov - PhD (Medicine), Head, Sector for Studying Immune Effects and Complications of HSCT, National Research Center for Hematology.</p><p>125167, Moscow, Novy Zykovsky lane, 4.</p><p>Phone: 7 (495) 614-90-42.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mdrokov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капранов</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapranov</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Медицинский физик лаборатории иммунофенотипирования клеток крови и костного мозга.</p><p>125167, Москва, Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Medical Physicist, Laboratory of Blood and Marrow Cell Immunophenotyping, National Research Center for Hematology.</p><p>125167, Moscow, Novy Zykovsky lane, 4.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Давыдова</surname><given-names>Ю. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Davydova</surname><given-names>Yu. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач клинической лабораторной диагностики лаборатории иммунофенотипирования клеток крови и костного мозга.</p><p>125167, Москва, Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Laboratory Diagnostics, Laboratory of Blood and Marrow Cell Immunophenotyping, National Research Center for Hematology.</p><p>125167, Moscow, Novy Zykovsky lane, 4.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilieva</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая отделением иммунохимиотерапии с дневным стационаром для больных после ТКМ.</p><p>125167, Москва, Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Head, Department of Immunochemotherapy with Daytime Hospital for posttransplant patients, National Research Center for Hematology.</p><p>125167, Moscow, Novy Zykovsky lane, 4.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дубняк</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dubnyak</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач-гематолог отделения интенсивной высокодозной химиотерапии и трансплантации костного мозга.</p><p>125167, Москва, Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Clinical Hematologist, Department of Intensive High-Dose Chemotherapy and Bone Marrow Transplantation, National Research Center for Hematology.</p><p>125167, Moscow, Novy Zykovsky lane, 4.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масликова</surname><given-names>У. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maslikova</surname><given-names>U. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач-гематолог отделения интенсивной высокодозной химиотерапии и трансплантации костного мозга.</p><p>125167, Москва, Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cinical Hematologist, Department of Intensive High-Dose Chemotherapy and Bone Marrow Transplantation, National Research Center for Hematology.</p><p>125167, Moscow, Novy Zykovsky lane, 4.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гальцева</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galtseva</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая лабораторией иммунофенотипирования клеток крови и костного мозга.</p><p>125167, Москва, Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Head, Laboratory of Blood and Marrow Cell Immunophenotyping, National Research Center for Hematology.</p><p>125167, Moscow, Novy Zykovsky lane, 4.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмина</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmina</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая отделением интенсивной высокодозной химиотерапии и трансплантации костного мозга.</p><p>125167, Москва, Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Head, Department of Intensive High-Dose Chemotherapy and Bone Marrow Transplantation, National Research Center for Hematology.</p><p>125167, Moscow, Novy Zykovsky lane, 4.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паровичникова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Parovichnikova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, заведующая отделом химиотерапии гемобластозов, депрессий кроветворения и ТКМ.</p><p>125167, Москва, Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Head, Department of Chemotherapy of Hemoblastoses, Depressions of Hematopoiesis and HSCT, National Research Center for Hematology.</p><p>125167, Moscow, Novy Zykovsky lane, 4.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савченко</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savchenko</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН, генеральный директор.</p><p>125167, Москва, Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Full Member, Russian Academy of Sciences, General Director, National Research Center for Hematology.</p><p>125167, Moscow, Novy Zykovsky lane, 4.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр гематологии Министерства здравоохранения РФ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Research Center for Hematology<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>1125</fpage><lpage>1136</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Михальцова Е.Д., Попова Н.Н., Дроков М.Ю., Капранов Н.М., Давыдова Ю.О., Васильева В.А., Дубняк Д.С., Масликова У.В., Гальцева И.В., Кузьмина Л.А., Паровичникова Е.Н., Савченко В.Г., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Михальцова Е.Д., Попова Н.Н., Дроков М.Ю., Капранов Н.М., Давыдова Ю.О., Васильева В.А., Дубняк Д.С., Масликова У.В., Гальцева И.В., Кузьмина Л.А., Паровичникова Е.Н., Савченко В.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mikhaltsova E.D., Popova N.N., Drokov M.Y., Kapranov N.M., Davydova Y.O., Vasilieva V.A., Dubnyak D.S., Maslikova U.V., Galtseva I.V., Kuzmina L.A., Parovichnikova E.N., Savchenko V.G.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2167">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2167</self-uri><abstract><p>Реакция «трансплантат против хозяина» (РТПХ) — одно из наиболее частых осложнений при трансплантации аллогенных гемопоэтических стволовых клеток (алло-ТГСК). Основными препаратами профилактики остаются ингибиторы кальциневрина (циклоспорин А, такролимус), метотрексат, микофенолата мофетил. С распространением режимов пониженной интенсивности кондиционирования широко стал применяться антитимоцитарный глобулин. Однако было отмечено «негативное» влияние на реконституцию Т-клеточного звена иммунитета, что увеличивает риск тяжелых инфекционных осложнений и рецидива заболевания. С увеличением количества трансплантаций от альтернативных (частично-совместимых и гаплоидентичных) доноров, в качестве профилактики начал широко использоваться циклофосфамид (ЦФ).</p><p>Цель — изучить восстановление клеточного звена иммунной системы у пациентов после алло-ТГСК при использовании различных схем профилактики РТПХ в том числе и режимах, в которых используется посттрансплантационный ЦФ.</p><p>В исследование было включено 44 пациента, разделенные на 2 группы: стандартная иммуносупрессивная терапия, антититмоцитарный глобулин, циклоспорин А, метотрексат, микофенолата мо-фетил. Вторая группа больных включала пациентов, которым в качестве иммуносупрессивной терапии применялся ЦФ в комбинации с другими препаратами (циклоспорин А, микофенолата мофетил, метотрексат). Методом многоцветной проточной цитометрии в контрольные сроки (+14, +30, +60, +90 дней) исследовался субпопуляционный состав лейкоцитов.</p><p>Абсолютное число CD4+ клеток у реципиентов КМ, получивших посттрансплантационный ЦФ, в сравнении с классической иммуносупрессивнй терапией, было достоверно ниже на +14 и +30 дней.</p><p>Однако на более поздних сроках (на +60, +90 дней) эти различия исчезали. Кроме того, у реципиентов КМ, у которых применялся ЦФ, абсолютное число CD8+ клеток было достоверно выше на +60 дней в сравнении с группой больных на стандартной профилактике. У реципиентов СКК реконституция исследуемых субпопуляций лимфоцитов достоверно не отличалась, в зависимости от режима профилактики реакции «трансплантат против хозяина».</p><p>Применение ЦФ в комбинации с КМ, как источником стволовых клеток, приводит к значимому снижению числа клеток отдельных субпопуляций (CD4+; CD8+; NK-клетки) в ранние сроки после алло-ТГСК. Применение ЦФ в комбинации с СКК в качестве источника трансплантата иммунологически является более целесообразным</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is among the most common complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The main tools for GVHD prevention remain calcineurin inhibitors (cyclosporin A, tacrolimus), methotrexate, mycophenolate mofetil. Upon implementation of reduced-intensity conditioning regimens, antithymocyte globulin was widely introduced. However, negative effects upon reconstitution of T-cell immunity have been noted, thus increasing risk of severe infectious complications and disease relapse. With extended practice of HSCT from alternative (partially matched or haploidentical) donors, cyclophosphamide was increasingly used. Our aim was to study reconstitution of immune cell subpopulations in the patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation (BMT), when using different GVHD prophylaxis regimens, including the schedules with post-transplant CP usage. The study concerned 44 cases classified into 2 groups. The first one included patients with standard immunosuppressive therapy, antithymocyte therapy, cyclosporine A, methotrexate, mycophenolate mofetil. The second group included the patients who received CP as immunosuppressive drug combined with other treatments (cyclosporine A, methotrexate, mycophenolate mofetil). At specified control terms, (D+14, +30, +60, +90) the blood leukocyte subpopulations were assayed by means of multicolor flow cytometry. Absolute counts of CD4+ cells in HSCT recipients treated with CP post-BMT proved to be sufficiently lower at D+14 and +30, than in those treated with classical immunosuppressive therapy. However, at later terms, (D+60, +90), these differences were not observed. Moreover, in CP-treated bone marrow recipients, absolute numbers of CD8+ cells was significantly higher, compared to the patients who received conventional GVHD prophylaxis. Reconstitution of the studied lymphocyte populations in hematopoietic cell recipients did not depend on the GVHD prophylaxis regimen. Usage of CP combined with bone marrow as a source of stem cells, brings about sufficient decrease of some cell populations (CD4+; CD8+; NK cells) at early terms post-transplant. Administration of CP combined with hematopoietic stem cells as the source of hematopoietic graft seems to be more reasonable.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трансплантация костного мозга</kwd><kwd>реакция «трансплантат против хозяина»</kwd><kwd>посттрансплантационный циклофосфамид</kwd><kwd>проточная цитометрия</kwd><kwd>гаплоидентичная трансплантация</kwd><kwd>иммунофенотипирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bone marrow transplantation</kwd><kwd>graft versus host disease</kwd><kwd>post-transplant cyclophosphamide</kwd><kwd>flow cytometry</kwd><kwd>haploidentical transplantation</kwd><kwd>immunophenotyping</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ando T., Tachibana T., Tanaka M., Suzuki T., Ishiyama Y., Koyama S., Ogusa E., Numata A., Matsumoto K., Kanamori H., Nakajima H. 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