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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-EOM-2132</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2132</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние GcMAF-RF на ex vivo поляризацию макрофагов, активацию дендритных клеток и продукцию цитокинов клетками цельной крови человека</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of macrophage-activating factor (GcMAF-RF) upon ex vivo polarization of macrophages, activation of dendritic cells and production of cytokines by human whole blood cells</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3426-4501</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кирикович</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirikovich</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., научный сотрудник лаборатории индуцированных клеточных процессов,</p><p>г. Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Research Associate, Laboratory of Induced Cell Processes,</p><p>Novosibirskищ</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">libovktr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3093-407X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Левитес</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Levites</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., научный сотрудник лаборатории индуцированных клеточных процессов,</p><p>г. Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Research Associate, Laboratory of Induced Cell Processes, </p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">levites@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5543-248X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долгова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolgova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории индуцированных клеточных процессов,</p><p>г. Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Senior Research Associate, Laboratory of Induced Cell Processes,</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dolgova.ev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7650-4331</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Проскурина</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Proskurina</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории индуцированных клеточных процессов,</p><p>г. Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Senior Research Associate, Laboratory of Induced Cell Processes, </p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">asproskurina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1573-3795</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Риттер</surname><given-names>Г. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ritter</surname><given-names>G. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант, исследователь лаборатории индуцированных клеточных процессов,</p><p>г. Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Student, Researcher, Laboratory of Induced Cell Processes,</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dilkwe@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рузанова</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ruzanova</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>исследователь лаборатории индуцированных клеточных процессов;</p><p>магистрант,</p><p>г. Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, Laboratory of Induced Cell Processes, </p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.ruzanova@g.nsu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3169-8643</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леплина</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Leplina</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточной иммунотерапии,</p><p>г. Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Leading Research Associate, Laboratory of Cellular Immunotherapy, </p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oleplina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8997-3586</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевела</surname><given-names>Е. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevela</surname><given-names>E. Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточной иммунотерапии,</p><p>г. Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Leading Research Associate, Laboratory of Cellular Immunotherapy,</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shevelak@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6895-938X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Останин</surname><given-names>А. А</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostanin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточной иммунотерапии,</p><p>г. Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Main Research Associate, Laboratory of Cellular Immunotherapy, </p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ostanin62@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябичева</surname><given-names>Т. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabicheva</surname><given-names>T. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ведущий специалист лаборатории стабилизации,</p><p>р. п. Кольцово, Новосибирская обл.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leading Specialist, Laboratory of Stabilization, </p><p>Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ryabicheva@vector-best.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыжикова</surname><given-names>С. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryzhikova</surname><given-names>S. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ведущий биотехнолог лаборатории стабилизации,</p><p>р. п. Кольцово, Новосибирская обл.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leading Biotechnologist, Laboratory of Stabilization, </p><p>Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sv_ryzhikova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дружинина</surname><given-names>Ю. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Druzhinina</surname><given-names>Yu. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ведущий биотехнолог лаборатории стабилизации,</p><p>р. п. Кольцово, Новосибирская обл.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leading Biotechnologist, Laboratory of Stabilization, </p><p>Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yudoyudo2@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вараксин</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Varaksin</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующий лабораторией стабилизации,</p><p>р. п. Кольцово, Новосибирская обл.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head, Laboratory of Stabilization, </p><p>Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">varaksin@vector-best.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2346-6279</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черных</surname><given-names>Е. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernykh</surname><given-names>E. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> д.м.н., профессор, член-корр. РАН, заведующая лабораторией клеточной иммунотерапии,</p><p>г. Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Corresponding Member, Russian Academy of Sciences, Head, Laboratory of Cellular Immunotherapy, </p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ct_lab@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2019-9382</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богачев</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogachev</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., заведующий лабораторией индуцированных клеточных процессов,</p><p>630090, г. Новосибирск, пр. Лаврентьева, 10.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Biology), Head, Laboratory of Induced Cell Processes, </p><p>630090, Novosibirsk, Lavrentiev ave, 10</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">labmolbiol@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр “Институт цитологии и генетики” Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр “Институт цитологии и генетики” Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»&#13;
ФГАОУ ВО «Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences;&#13;
Novosibirsk National Research State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт фундаментальной и клинической иммунологии»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>АО «Вектор-Бест»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>JSC Vector-Best</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>257</fpage><lpage>274</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кирикович С.С., Левитес Е.В., Долгова Е.В., Проскурина А.С., Риттер Г.С., Рузанова В.С., Леплина О.Ю., Шевела Е.Я., Останин А.А., Рябичева Т.Г., Рыжикова С.Л., Дружинина Ю.Г., Вараксин Н.А., Черных Е.Р., Богачев С.С., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кирикович С.С., Левитес Е.В., Долгова Е.В., Проскурина А.С., Риттер Г.С., Рузанова В.С., Леплина О.Ю., Шевела Е.Я., Останин А.А., Рябичева Т.Г., Рыжикова С.Л., Дружинина Ю.Г., Вараксин Н.А., Черных Е.Р., Богачев С.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kirikovich S.S., Levites E.V., Dolgova E.V., Proskurina A.S., Ritter G.S., Ruzanova V.S., Leplina O.Y., Shevela E.Y., Ostanin A.A., Ryabicheva T.G., Ryzhikova S.L., Druzhinina Y.G., Varaksin N.A., Chernykh E.R., Bogachev S.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2132">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2132</self-uri><abstract><p>Данная статья представляет собой второе сообщение из серии статей, посвященных получению отечественного препарата макрофаг-активирующего фактора (GcMAF-RF) и оценке его биологических свойств. Целью данной работы являлось изучение воздействия препарата GcMAF-RF на М0 → М1 поляризацию макрофагов (Мф) и активацию профессиональных свойств антиген-презентирующих дендритных клеток (ДК), генерированных ex vivo, а также на ex vivo продукцию провоспалительных (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, IFNγ, IL-17, IL-18) и противовоспалительных (TGF-β, IL-4, IL-10) цитокинов, факторов роста (IL-2, GM-CSF, G-CSF, VEGF) и хемокинов (MCP, IL-8) клетками цельной крови здоровых доноров. Мф и ДК генерировали из моноцитов (3-5 × 106 /мл) прилипающей фракции мононуклеарных клеток (МНК) периферической крови здоровых доноров; при этом для получения Мф использовали гранулоцитарно-макрофагальный колониестимулирующий фактор (rhGM-CSF), а при получении ДК – GM-CSF и интерферон-α. В качестве М1-поляризующих сигналов использовали липополисахарид (LPS Е. coli 0114:B4) (контроль) либо препарат GcMAF-RF (опыт), которые добавляли за 48 ч до окончания культивирования. Стимулирующее влияние полученных Мф и ДК на пролиферацию клеток оценивали в аллогенной смешанной культуре лейкоцитов (алло-СКЛ) радиометрически по включению 3H-тимидина. Индекс влияния (ИВ) Мф или ДК на алло-СКЛ рассчитывали как отношение пролиферативного ответа МНК в присутствии Мф или ДК к уровню спонтанной пролиферации МНК. Для определения продукции цитокинов клетками цельной крови человека ex vivo использовали образцы периферической крови 3 доноров с двумя повторностями препарата GcMAF-RF, итого 6 вариантов. Все варианты исследования проведены на активированных митогеном и неактивированных клетках крови. Содержание цитокинов определяли методом твердофазного иммуноферментного анализа. Для количественной оценки воздействия GcMAF-RF использован индекс влияния (ИВ) как отношение продукции цитокина в присутствии GcMAF-RF к уровню спонтанной продукции. Показано, что препарат GcMAF-RF эффективно, как и «стандартный» активатор Мф и ДК липополисахарид (LPS), индуцирует поляризацию дифференцированных М0-макрофагов в М1-клетки и конечное созревание ДК, что проявляется значимым усилением их аллостимуляторной активности в смешанной культуре лейкоцитов (алло-СКЛ). Кроме того, препарат GcMAF-RF стимулирует продукцию клетками крови (гранулоцитами, лимфоцитами, моноцитами) широкий спектр цитокинов и хемокинов (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, IL-4, IL-10, GM-CSF, G-CSF, VEGF, IL-8), что свидетельствует о прямом участии активатора макрофагов GcMAF-RF в различных иммунных процессах. Таким образом, отечественный препарат GcMAF-RF индуцирует поляризацию макрофагов M0 → M1, конечное созревание ДК и аллостимулирующую активность Мф и ДК, а также способен эффективно стимулировать циркулирующие клетки крови к синтезу цитокинов/хемокинов с провоспалительной и иммунорегуляторной активностью. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article is the second communication in a series of articles devoted to the effects of a domestic preparation of macrophage-activating factor (GcMAF-RF) and assessment of its biological properties. The aim of this work was to study the effect of the GcMAF-RF upon M0 → M1 polarization of macrophages (Mph), and activation of the professional properties of ex vivo generated antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DC), as well as on ex vivo production of pro-inflammatory (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, IFNγ, IL-17, IL-18) and anti-inflammatory (TGF-β, IL-4, IL-10) cytokines, growth factors (IL-2, GM-CSF, G-CSF, VEGF) and chemokines (MCP, IL-8) by the whole blood cells from healthy donors. Mph and DC were generated from the monocytes (3 to 5×106 /ml) derived from adherent fraction of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNC) of healthy donors. Granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) was used to obtain Mph, whereas DC production was induced by GM-CSF and interferon-α. To provide M1 polarizing signals, bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS from E. coli 0114:B4) was used in controls. In experimental series, GcMAF-RF was added 48 h before the end of culture. The stimulating effect of the obtained Mph and DC upon cell proliferation was assessed in allogeneic mixed culture of leukocytes (alloMLC) using radiometric technique, by 3 H-thymidine incorporation. The influence index (IR) of Mph or DC upon allo-SCL was calculated as the ratio of the proliferative response of MNCs in the presence of Mph, or DC to the level of spontaneous MNC proliferation. To determine the cytokine production by human whole blood cells ex vivo, peripheral blood samples from 3 donors with two replicate GcMAF-RF preparations were used, at a total of 6 points. All variants of the study were carried out with mitogen-activated and non-activated blood cells. The cytokine content was determined by the ELISA assays. The effects of GcMAF-RF were quantified as a fold increase (FI), i.e., the ratio of cytokine production in the presence of GcMAF-RF to the level of their spontaneous production. It was shown that the GcMAF-RF preparation was as effective, as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the standard Mph and DC activator which induces polarization of differentiated M0-macrophages into M1 cells and final maturation of DCs, manifesting by a significant increase in their allo-stimulatory activity in a mixed leukocyte culture (allo-MLC). Moreover, GcMAF-RF stimulates production of numerous cytokines and chemokines (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, IL-4, IL-10, GM-CSF, G-CSF, VEGF, IL-8), by blood cells (granulocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes), thus indicating direct participation of the macrophage activator GcMAF-RF in various immune processes. The domestic GcMAF-RF drug induces polarization of macrophages M0 → M1, final maturation of DCs and allostimulating activity of Mf and DCs, and is also able to effectively stimulate circulating blood cells to synthesize cytokines/chemokines with pro-inflammatory and immunoregulatory activities. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>макрофаг-активирующий фактор (GcMAF-RF)</kwd><kwd>макрофаги</kwd><kwd>дендритные клетки</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>macrophage-activating factor (GcMAF-RF)</kwd><kwd>macrophages</kwd><kwd>dendritic cells</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Данная работа была выполнена при поддержке бюджетного финансирования по теме государственного задания № 0259-2021-0013. 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