mimmunМедицинская иммунологияMedical Immunology (Russia)1563-06252313-741XSPb RAACI10.15789/1563-0625-RAI-2111mimmun-2111Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSСовременные достижения CAT-T иммунотерапии для лечения глиобластомыRecent achievements in CAR-T cell immunotherapy for glioblastoma treatmenthttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5945-5961ТимофееваС. В.TimofeevaS. V.

Софья Владимировна Тимофеева — научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточных технологий.

344037, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. 14-я линия, 63. Teл.: 8 (863) 300-02-00 (доб. 473)

Research Associate, Cell Technology Laboratory.

344037, Rostov-on-Don, 14th Line, 63. Phone: 7(863) 300-02-00 (acc. 473)

timofeeva.sophia@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6035-1756СитковскаяА. О.SitkovskayaA. O.

Анастасия Олеговна Ситковская — заведующая лабораторией клеточных технологий.

Ростов-на-Дону

Head, Cell Technology Laboratory.

Rostov-on-Don

grankina.anastasia@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6496-9641НовиковаИ. А.NovikovaI. A.

Инна Арнольдовна Новикова — кандидат медицинских наук, заместитель генерального директора по науке.

Ростов-на-Дону 

PhD (Medicine), Deputy General Director for Research.

Rostov-on-Don

novikovainna@yahoo.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7745-0750ЕжоваМ. О.EzhovaM. A.

Мария Олеговна Ежова — врач-онколог.

Ростов-на-Дону

Clinical Oncologist.

Rostov-on-Don

ezhova.marka@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-6971ЛысенкоЕ. П.LysenkoE. P.

Екатерина Петровна Лысенко — кандидат медицинских наук, врач-онколог.

Ростов-на-Дону

PhD (Medicine), Clinical Oncologist.

Rostov-on-Don

keitlysenko@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3061-6108КитО. И.KitO. I.

Олег Иванович Кит — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корр. РАН, генеральный директор.

Ростов-на-Дону

PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Corresponding Member, Russian Academy of Sciences, General Director.

Rostov-on-Don

kito@mail.ruФГБУ Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии Министерства здравоохранения РФРоссияNational Medical Research Centre for OncologyRussian Federation202120062021233483496Copyright © Тимофеева С.В., Ситковская А.О., Новикова И.А., Ежова М.О., Лысенко Е.П., Кит О.И., 20212021Тимофеева С.В., Ситковская А.О., Новикова И.А., Ежова М.О., Лысенко Е.П., Кит О.И.Timofeeva S.V., Sitkovskaya A.O., Novikova I.A., Ezhova M.A., Lysenko E.P., Kit O.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2111

Глиобластома остается наиболее распространенной и агрессивной первичной опухолью головного мозга на сегодняшний день. Из-за нейроанатомического расположения глиобластомы обычная химиотерапия и лучевая терапия имеют ограниченную эффективность у пациентов с этими опухолями. В течение последнего десятилетия противоопухолевая иммунотерапия получила широкое распространение среди современных терапевтических подходов. Значимость иммунотерапевтических методов заключается в их способности увеличивать эффективность лечения рака и предотвращать рецидивы путем усиления системного и локального иммунного ответа против опухолевых клеток.

Одним из наиболее перспективных направлений в современной иммунотерапии является CAR-T-терапия или адоптивная клеточная терапия с использованием генномодифицированных Т-лимфоцитов. Функциональное преимущество CAR-T-терапии заключается в ее способности генетически модифицировать лимфоциты, приводя к их активации in vitro.

В настоящем обзоре рассматриваются ключевые принципы CAR-T-терапии и анализируются опубликованные результаты клинических испытаний для лечения глиобластомы с использованием некоторых модификаций CAR-T-клеток.

Glioblastoma remains the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor today. Because of the neuroanatomical location of glioblastoma, conventional chemotherapy and radiation therapy have limited efficacy in patients with these tumors. Over the past decade, antitumor immunotherapy has become widespread among modern therapeutic approaches. The importance of immunotherapeutic methods lies in their ability to increase the effectiveness of cancer treatment and prevent relapses by enhancing the systemic and local immune response against tumor cells.

One of the most promising directions in modern immunotherapy is CAR-T therapy, or adoptive cell therapy using genetically modified T-lymphocytes. The functional advantage of CAR-T therapy is its ability to genetically modify lymphocytes, leading to their activation in vitro.

This review examines the key principles of CAR-T therapy and analyzes the published results of clinical trials for the treatment of glioblastoma using several modifications of CAR-T cells.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.