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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-PPO-2080</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2080</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фенотипический профиль лимфоидных клеток периферической крови пациентов с воспалительными заболеваниями кишечника</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Phenotypic profile of peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зафранская</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zafranskaya</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зафранская Марина Михайловна – доктор медицинских наук, доцент, главный научный сотрудник отдела иммунологии и биомедицинских технологий научно-исследовательской лаборатории, Белорусская медицинская академия последипломного образования; заведующая кафедрой иммунологии, Международный экологический институт им. А.Д. Сахарова Белорусского государственного университета</p><p>223040, Минская обл., Минский р-он, а-г. Лесной, 31</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zafranskaya Marina M., PhD, MD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Main Research Associate, Department of Immunology and Biomedical Technologies, Research Laboratory, Belarusian Medical Academy for Postgraduate Education; Head, Immunology Department, International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University</p><p>223040, Minsk Region, Lesnoy Village, 31</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zafranskaya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Адамович</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Adamovich</surname><given-names>H. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Адамович Анна Юрьевна – младший научный сотрудник отдела иммунологии и биомедицинских технологий научно-исследовательской лаборатории</p><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Research Associate, Department of Immunology and Biomedical Technologies, Research Laboratory</p><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anik_adamovich@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробей</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Varabei</surname><given-names>A. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воробей Александр Владимирович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент Национальной академии наук Беларуси, заведующий кафедрой хирургии, Белорусская медицинская академия последипломного образования</p><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Corresponding Member, Belarus National Аcademy of Sciences, Head, Surgery Department</p><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dept-surg@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Старостин</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Starastin</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Старостин Андрей Михайлович – аспирант кафедры хирургии</p><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Student, Surgery Department</p><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bio_star@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нижегородова</surname><given-names>Д. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nizheharodava</surname><given-names>D. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нижегородова Дарья Борисовна – кандидат биологических наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела иммунологии и биомедицинских технологий научно-исследовательской лаборатории</p><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Associate Professor, Leading Research Associate, Department of Immunology and Biomedical Technologies, Research Laboratory, Belarusian Medical Academy for Postgraduate Education; Associate Professor, Immunology Department, International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University</p><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nzh@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Белорусская медицинская академия последипломного образования;&#13;
Международный экологический институт им. А.Д. Сахарова Белорусского государственного университета<country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Belarusian Medical Academy for Postgraduate Education;&#13;
International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University<country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Белорусская медицинская академия последипломного образования<country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Belarusian Medical Academy for Postgraduate Education<country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>1131</fpage><lpage>1140</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зафранская М.М., Адамович А.Ю., Воробей А.В., Старостин А.М., Нижегородова Д.Б., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зафранская М.М., Адамович А.Ю., Воробей А.В., Старостин А.М., Нижегородова Д.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zafranskaya M.M., Adamovich H.Y., Varabei A.U., Starastin A.M., Nizheharodava D.B.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2080">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2080</self-uri><abstract><p>В последнее время активно изучаются механизмы распознавания и эффекторных реакций звеньев иммунной системы в инициации и поддержании иммуно-медиированнного воспаления и повреждения ткани при воспалительных заболеваниях кишечника, к которым относятся болезнь Крона и язвенный колит. Имеющиеся данные свидетельствуют о том, что аномальный иммунный ответ против микроорганизмов кишечной флоры является причиной заболевания у генетически восприимчивых людей. Несмотря на накопившиеся данные об особенностях иммунных нарушений при язвенном колите и болезни Крона, остаются открытыми вопросы вовлечения минорных популяций лимфоцитов и различных функционально активных молекул, которые играют фундаментальную роль в распознавании и инициации иммунного ответа и могут рассматриваться как биомаркеры патологического процесса при воспалительных заболеваниях кишечника. Наибольший интерес представляют популяции Т-лимфоцитов с γδТ-клеточным рецептором, В1-клетки и NKT-лимфоциты; среди функционально активных молекул рассматриваются TLRs (toll-like receptors), CD89, CD314 и др. Принимая во внимание прогресс в изучении природы распознавания и активации клеток иммунной системы, в работе представлена фенотипическая и функциональная характеристика основных и минорных популяций лимфоцитов периферической крови 25 пациентов с воспалительными заболеваниями кишечника, находившихся на стационарном лечении в хирургическом отделении учреждения здравоохранения «Минская областная клиническая больница» (Республика Беларусь) в период 2018-2020 гг. Выявленные изменения в фенотипе лимфоцитов периферической крови пациентов с воспалительными заболеваниями кишечника позволяют предположить различный иммунологический профиль, превалирующий в механизмах повреждения при болезни Крона и язвенном колите: у пациентов с болезнью Крона в патогенез заболевания вовлекаются В1-лимфоциты с фенотипом CD19+CD5+, NK-клетки в сочетании с увеличением CD56bright популяции и NK-Т-клетки с провоспалительной/регуляторной направленностью, в то время как при язвенном колите патогенетическую роль в поддержании хронического воспаления играют Т-, В-, NK-лимфоциты с провоспалительным фенотипом и Т-лимфоциты с γδ Т-клеточным рецептором. Учитывая функциональную значимость активационных рецепторов, количество TLR4- и CD89-позитивных клеток может использоваться для разработки иммунологических критериев/биомаркеров оценки терапевтической эффективности новых лекарственных средств. Изучение взаимодействия между различными компонентами врожденной и адаптивной иммунной системы откроет новые перспективы в понимании иммунологических нарушений, связанных с хроническим воспалением желудочно-кишечного тракта.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Mechanisms of recognition and effector responses of immune system upon initiation and maintenance of immune-mediated inflammation and tissue damage in inflammatory bowel diseases, including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis (UC), have been actively studied over recent time. Existing evidence suggests these diseases to be caused by abnormal immune response against intestinal flora microorganisms in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite available data on the features of immune disorders in ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, there are still many questions about the involved minor lymphocyte subpopulations and contribution of various functionally active molecules, which play a key role in recognition and initiation of the immune response and can be considered biomarkers of a pathological process in inflammatory bowel diseases. The populations of T lymphocytes with γδT cell receptor, B1 cells and NK T lymphocytes are of greatest interest, as well as functionally active TLRs (Toll-like receptors), CD89, CD314, etc. Due to substantial progress in studying the nature of recognition and activation of the immune cells, the paper presents phenotypic and functional characteristics of major and minor subpopulations of peripheral blood lymphocytes observed in 25 patients treated at the Surgery Department of the State Institution “Minsk Regional Clinical Hospital” (Republic of Belarus) from 2018 to 2020. The detected changes in peripheral blood lymphocyte phenotype of inflammatory bowel diseases patients suggest distinct immunological profiles prevailing in the damage mechanisms in Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. I.e., in Crohn’s disease patients, B1 lymphocytes with CD19+CD5+ and NK cells in combination with increased CD56bright population, as well as NK T cells with anti-inflammatory and regulatory activity are involved into genesis of the disease. In ulcerative colitis, T, B, NK lymphocytes with pro-inflammatory phenotype and T lymphocytes with γδ T cell receptor may play a pathogenetic role in maintenance of chronic inflammation. With respect to functional significance of activating receptors, the number of TLR4- и CD89-positive cells may be used for developing immunological criteria/ biomarkers of therapeutic efficacy of new drugs. Studying interactions between innate and adaptive immunity will open new perspectives in understanding immunological disorders associated with chronic gastrointestinal inflammation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Воспалительные заболевания кишечника</kwd><kwd>фенотип</kwd><kwd>лимфоидные клетки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>inflammatory bowel disease</kwd><kwd>phenotype</kwd><kwd>lymphoid cells</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Столярова Т.А., Горгун Ю.В. Воспалительные заболевания кишечника: современное состояние проблемы // Здравоохранение, 2017. № 5. С. 65-74.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stolyarova T.A., Gorgun Yu.V. Inflammatory bowel diseases: current state of problem. Zdravookhranenie = Healthcare, 2017, no. 5, pp. 65-74. 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