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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-MCO-1915</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-1915</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SHORT COMMUNICATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Морфофункциональная характеристика нейтрофилов у пациентов с хронической болезнью почек в терминальной стадии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morpho-functional characterisation of protective mechanisms of neutrophils in the patients at the terminal stage of chronic kidney disease</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мелеш</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Melesh</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мелеш Татьяна Николаевна – аспирант кафедры клинической лабораторной диагностики, аллергологии и иммунологии</p><p>246000, г. Гомель, ул. Ланге, 5Teл.: 8-10-375 (232) 51-15-57.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Melesh Tatyana N. – Postgraduate Student, Department of Cinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Allergology and Immunology</p><p>246000, Gomel, Lange str., 5Phone: 8-10-375 (232) 51-15-57.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mel-tanya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новикова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой клинической лабораторной диагностики, аллергологии и иммунологии</p><p>г. Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head, Department of Cinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Allergology and Immunology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ir-nov@yandex.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>УО «Гомельский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Gomel State Medical University</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>539</fpage><lpage>544</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мелеш Т.Н., Новикова И.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мелеш Т.Н., Новикова И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Melesh T.N., Novikova I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/1915">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/1915</self-uri><abstract><p>Пациенты с хронической болезнью почек (ХБП) являются уникальной клинической «моделью» для изучения функций иммунокомпетентных клеток в условиях выраженной эндогенной интоксикации, воспаления и иммуносупрессии. Цель работы – комплексная оценка показателей морфофункциональной активности нейтрофилов у пациентов в терминальной стадии хронической почечной недостаточности. Обследовано 49 пациентов с ХБП 5 Д стадии (по классификации K/DOQI, 2006) (16 женщин, 33 мужчины в возрасте от 22 до 63 лет) и 60 практически здоровых лиц (контроль). Материалом для исследования служил лейкоконцентрат венозной крови. Оценивали функциональные свойства нейтрофилов: формирование внеклеточных сетей (нетоз, NETs) микроскопически с окраской по Романовскому–Гимзе при культивировании клеток в течение 30 и 150 минут; образование активных форм кислорода – АФК (цитохимический метод с нитросиним тетразолием), апоптотическую активность (люминесцентная микроскопия после окраски смесью акридинового оранжевого с этидиумом бромидом), а также поглотительную способность в реакции фагоцитоза. Тесты ставили в спонтанном и стимулированном вариантах, в качестве стимулятора использовали убитый нагреванием музейный штамм S. aureus АТСС 25923. Выявлено повышение параметров нетоза в 30-минутных (но не 150-минутных) культурах клеток как в спонтанном, так и в стимулированном вариантах (р &lt; 0,001), и апоптоза (р = 0,02). Продукция нейтрофилами активных форм кислорода и их поглотительная активность значимо не изменялись. Параметры нетоза и апоптоза прямо коррелировали между собой (rs = 0,34; р = 0,03), а также зависели от уровня азотемии (коэффициент корреляции составил для показателей нетоза и уровня мочевины rs = 0,41; р = 0,01, для апоптоза и мочевины rs = 0,34; р = 0,02). Обнаружена взаимосвязь между уровнем апоптоза и продукцией АФК нейтрофилами (rs = -0,51; р = 0,03). Проведенные исследования свидетельствуют, что у пациентов с ХБП в терминальной стадии повышена готовность к выполнению суицидальной программы – апоптозу и нетозу. Учитывая повышение параметров нетоза именно при краткосрочном культивировании лейкоцитов (30 минут), можно предполагать участие в первую очередь NADPH-независимых механизмов. Продемонстрированная нами прямая зависимость параметров нетоза и апоптоза от уровня азотемии позволяет рассматривать в качестве одной из первоочередных причин повышения активности суицидальной программы нейтрофилов накопление в организме пациентов продуктов эндогенной интоксикации, в частности окисленных протеинов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are a unique clinical “model” for studying the functions of immunocompetent cells under the conditions of severe endogenous intoxication, inflammation and immunosuppression. The aim of our study was to perform a comprehensive assessment of morphological and functional activity of neutrophils in patients at the terminal stage of chronic renal failure. We examined 49 patients (16 women, 33 men, 22 to 63 years old) with CKD 5 D (according to the K/DOQI classification, 2006), and 60 healthy individuals (controls). Leukoconcentrates of venous blood were used as biological samples for the study. The following functional properties of neutrophils were evaluated: the formation of extracellular networks (netosis, NETs) determined microscopically with Romanovsky-Giemsa staining during cell cultivation for 30 and 150 minutes; production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) using cytochemical method with nitro blue tetrazolium, apoptotic activity (luminescence microscopy after staining with a mixture of acridine orange/ethidium bromide), as well as absorption capacity in the reaction of phagocytosis. The tests were performed in spontaneous and stimulated versions. The ATCC 25923 S. aureus strain killed by heating was used as a stimulator. An increase in netosis parameters was revealed in 30-min (but not 150-min) cell cultures in both spontaneous and stimulated versions (p &lt; 0.001), as well as apoptosis (p = 0.02). ROS production by neutrophils and their absorption activity did not significantly change. The parameters of netosis and apoptosis directly correlated with each other (rs = 0.34; p = 0.03), being also dependent on the level of azotemia (correlation coefficient for the indices of netosis and urea level was: rs = 0.41; p = 0.01; for apoptosis and urea, rs = 0.34; p = 0.02). A relationship was found between the level of apoptosis and ROS production by neutrophils (r s = -0.51; p = 0.03). These studies have shown that the cells from patients with terminal-stage CKD are prone for a suicidal program – apoptosis and netosis. Considering the increased netosis just upon shorter cultivation of leukocytes (30 minutes), it can be assumed that NADPH-independent mechanisms are primarily involved. The direct dependence of netosis and apoptosis parameters on the level of azotemia allows us to consider accumulation of endogenous intoxication products, in particular, oxidized proteins, in the patient’s body as one of the primary reasons for increasing the suicidal neutrophil program.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нейтрофильные гранулоциты</kwd><kwd>функциональная активность</kwd><kwd>хроническая болезнь почек</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neutrophils</kwd><kwd>functional activity</kwd><kwd>chronic kidney disease</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Воробьева Н.В., Пинегин Б.В. Нейтрофильные внеклеточные ловушки: механизмы образования, роль в норме и патологии // Биохимия, 2014. Т. 79, вып. 12. С. 1580-1591.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vorobyeva N.V., Pinegin B.V. 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