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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-ROC-1769</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-1769</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль катепсина G в патогенезе хронической обструктивной болезни легких: возможные пути регуляции</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Role of сathepsin G in pathogenesis of chronic obstructive lung disease: possible ways of regulation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9640-754X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белоглазов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beloglazov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой внутренней медицины № 2</p><p>г. Симферополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head, Department of Internal Medicine No. 2</p><p>Simferopol, Republic of Crimea</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">biloglazov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5486-7262</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яцков</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yatskov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яцков Игорь Анатольевич – ассистент кафедры внутренней медицины № 2</p><p>295491, Республика Крым, г. Симферополь, пгт Аэрофлотский, ул. Мальченко, 7, кв. 28.Teл.: 8 (978) 709-40-15.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yatskov Igor A. – Assistant Professor, Department of Internal Medicine No. 2</p><p>295491, Republic of Crimea, Simferopol, Aeroflotsky smt, Malchenko str., 7, apt 28.Phone: 7 (978) 709-40-15.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">egermd@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинская академия имени С.И. Георгиевского ФГАОУ ВО «Крымский федеральный университет имени В.И. Вернадского»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S. Georgievsky Medical Academy, V. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>443</fpage><lpage>448</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Белоглазов В.А., Яцков И.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Белоглазов В.А., Яцков И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Beloglazov V.A., Yatskov I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/1769">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/1769</self-uri><abstract><p>В данном обзоре представлены данные из литературных источников, которые дают представление о роли сериновых протеаз, в частности катепсина G (CG), в патогенезе развития и прогрессирования хронической обструктивной болезни легких (ХОБЛ). Большинство исследований показывают, что дисбаланс в системах протеаз-антипротеаз при ХОБЛ является одним из основных факторов прогрессирования заболевания и ухудшения дальнейшего прогноза для пациента. CG действует сразу на несколько основных звеньев патогенеза данного заболевания: стимулирует воспаление в слизистой оболочке бронхов, приводит к ремоделированию эластического каркаса легких, к деградации белка переноса фосфолипидов (PLTP). Исследования 2018 года Gudmann N.S. и соавт. по изучению уровня фрагментов эластина, которые образуются под действием CG (EL-CG) и значительно повышены при ХОБЛ, доказывают влияние CG на деструкцию эластического каркаса легких. В недавнем исследовании Rønnow S.R. и соавт. фрагменты EL-CG, отражающие ремоделирование эластина CG, рекомендуется использовать в качестве прогностического биомаркера смертности от всех причин при ХОБЛ. В работах Brehm A. и соавт. было изучено влияние CG на PLTP. Как известно, противовоспалительный эффект PLTP осуществляется посредством воздействия на макрофаги, через АТФ-связывающий кассетный транспортер (ABCA1), блокируя энхансер легкой цепи ядерного фактора (NF-kB) и снижая секрецию данными клетками провоспалительных медиаторов, включая TNFα. Ингибирование CG в бронхоальвеолярной лаважной жидкости (BALF) у больных ХОБЛ закономерно нарушает его способность расщеплять рекомбинантный PLTP (rPLTP). При этом наибольшая активность CG была зарегистрирована в BALF у курильщиков и у больных с ХОБЛ. Выявлены отрицательные корреляционные связи между активностью CG и уровнем PLTP. Учитывая вышеизложенное, закономерным является повышенный интерес к разработке ингибиторов сериновых протеаз, в том числе CG. Активность CG во внеклеточном пространстве регулируется эндогенными ингибиторами, включая ингибитор α1-протеиназы, α1-антихимотрипсин и секреторный ингибитор протеазы лейкоцитов. Мощным ингибитором CG является ингибитор трипсина-1 подсолнечника (SFTI-1), активность которого значимо возрастает при замене остатка P1 из Arg5 в Phe5. По мнению большинства исследователей, на основе SFTI-1 в перспективе могут быть разработаны мощные и селективные ингибиторы CG, что требует дальнейших углубленных научных изысканий.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This review article presents the literature data supporting an idea on the role of serine proteases, and, especially, cathepsin G (CG), in pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Most studies show that the imbalance in protease-antiprotease systems in COPD is one of the main factors in the disease progression and deterioration of patient’s prognosis. CG seems to act simultaneously in several main pathogenetic aspects of the disease: it stimulates inflammation in the bronchial mucous membranes, leads to remodeling of elastic framework of the lungs, causes degradation of the phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP). A study by Gudmann et al. (2018) reported on quantitative assays of elastin fragments, which are formed under the action of CG (EL-CG) and significantly increased in COPD, thus proving the effects of CG on destruction of elastic framework in lungs. In a recent study, Rønnow S.R. et al. have recommended the assays of EL-CG fragments, reflecting elastin CG remodeling, for use as a prognostic biomarker for overall mortality in COPD. The effect of CG on PLTP was studied in the works of Brehm A. et al. It is known that the anti-inflammatory effect of PLTP is mediated by macrophages, via the ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABCA1), blocking the nuclear factor light chain enhancer (NF-kB) and reducing secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators by these cells, including (TNFα). The CG inhibition in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of the patients with COPD consistently disrupts its ability to cleave recombinant PLTP (rPLTP). At the same time, the highest CG activity was registered in BALF from smokers and in patients with COPD. Negative correlations between CG activity and PLTP level were detected. With respect to above, one may expect an increased interest for developing the inhibitors of serine proteases, including CG. E.g., the sunflower trypsin-1 inhibitor (SFTI-1) is a potent CG inhibitor, showing a significant increase of its activity when the P1 residue is replaced from Arg5 to Phe5. According to most researchers, powerful and selective CG inhibitors may be developed in future on the basis of SFTI-1, thus requiring further in-depth research.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>катепсин G</kwd><kwd>ХОБЛ</kwd><kwd>протеазы</kwd><kwd>антипротеазы</kwd><kwd>PLTP</kwd><kwd>ингибиторы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>сathepsin G</kwd><kwd>COPD</kwd><kwd>proteases</kwd><kwd>antiproteases</kwd><kwd>phospholipid transfer proteins</kwd><kwd>inhibitors</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abboud R.T., Vimalanathan S. Pathogenesis of COPD. Part I. The role of protease-antiprotease imbalance in emphysema. Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis., 2008, Vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 361-367.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abboud R.T., Vimalanathan S. Pathogenesis of COPD. Part I. 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