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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-2018-6-815-824</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-1666</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>СУБПОПУЛЯЦИИ МОНОЦИТОВ У ЗДОРОВЫХ ЛИЦ И У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С СЕПСИСОМ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MONOCYTE SUBSETS IN HEALTHY ADULTS AND SEPSIS PATIENTS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калашникова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalashnikova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической иммунологии</p><p>194044, Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 4/2.Тел.: 8 (921) 864-23-86</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Senior Research Associate, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology</p><p>194044, Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Acad. Lebedev str., 4/2.Phone: 7 (921) 864-23-86</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">petkova_nas@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ворошилова</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voroshilova</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заведующая лабораторией бактериологических исследований</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Head, Laboratory of Bacteriological Studies</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чиненова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chinenova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., врач клинической лабораторной диагностик</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Physician, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Давыдова</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Davydova</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник, заведующая лабораторией клинической иммунологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Senior Research Associate, Head, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинина</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinina</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Chief Research Associate</p><p> </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Всероссийский центр экстренной и радиационной медицины имени А.М. Никифорова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A. Nikiforov Russian Centre of Emergency and Radiation Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>12</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>815</fpage><lpage>824</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Калашникова А.А., Ворошилова Т.М., Чиненова Л.В., Давыдова Н.И., Калинина Н.М., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Калашникова А.А., Ворошилова Т.М., Чиненова Л.В., Давыдова Н.И., Калинина Н.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kalashnikova A.A., Voroshilova T.M., Chinenova L.V., Davydova N.I., Kalinina N.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/1666">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/1666</self-uri><abstract><p>Моноцитам принадлежит ключевая роль в развитии адекватного иммунного ответа при бактериальной инфекции благодаря выполнению ими фагоцитарной, антигенпрезентирующей и секреторной функции. Выделяют три субпопуляции моноцитов: классические CD14+CD16-, переходные CD14+CD16+ и неклассические CD14+dimCD16+, различающиеся фенотипически и функционально. Соотношение субпопуляций изменяется по мере развития противобактериального ответа.</p><p>Цель исследования: изучить особенности фенотипа субпопуляций моноцитов у пациентов с сепсисом и изменение их соотношения в зависимости от наличия в крови бактерий; оценить вклад субпопуляций моноцитов в продукцию цитокинов.В динамике обследовано 16 пациентов с сепсисом (10 мужчин и 6 женщин, возраст 58±14 лет, SOFA 9,4±2,1 баллов, проанализировано 44 образца крови). Контрольная группа включала условно здоровых лиц (n = 23, 12 мужчин и 11 женщин, возраст 51±13 лет). Выполняли: бактериологический посев, определение абсолютного и относительного количества субпопуляций классических, переходных и неклассических моноцитов и экспрессию ими HLA-DR и CD64, определение концентрации IL-6, TNFα, IL-1β, IL-10 в сыворотке. При сепсисе увеличивается абсолютное количество моноцитов, снижается доля классических и увеличивается относительное и абсолютное количество переходных клеток, субпопуляция неклассических моноцитов меняется незначительно. Соотношение субпопуляций зависит от наличия бактерий в крови: увеличение доли переходных клеток наблюдается при положительных результатах бактериологических посевов. При элиминации бактерий соотношение субпопуляций восстанавливается. При сепсисе увеличивается плотность экспрессии LPS-рецептора CD14, IgG-рецепторов CD16 и CD64, особенно выраженно – в субпопуляциях переходных и неклассических моноцитов. Во всех субпопуляциях моноцитов снижается экспрессия HLA-DR, наиболее заметно среди классических моноцитов, наименее – на переходных клетках. Отмечается значительное повышение содержания в сыворотке цитокинов IL-6, IL-1β, TNFα и IL-10. Определена прямая взаимосвязь между абсолютным количеством классических моноцитов и концентрацией IL-6, а также выраженностью полиорганной дисфункции. По-видимому, повышение абсолютного количества классических моноцитов и IL-6 может быть косвенным критерием оценки степени активации эндотелия – активного продуцента ростовых факторов миелоидного ростка и IL-6. Прямая взаимосвязь между долей CD14+CD16+клеток и концентрацией IL-10 в сыворотке свидетельствует о роли переходных моноцитов в его продукции. IL-10 подавляет антигенпрезентирующую функцию переходных клеток – экспрессию молекул HLA- DR. О последнем свидетельствует обратная зависимость между концентрацией IL-10 и плотностью экспрессии HLA-DR на CD14+CD16+ клетках. Определена обратная корреляция между степенью полиорганной дисфункции и относительным количеством HLA-DR+ моноцитов. Чем выраженнее преобладание среди моноцитов субпопуляции классических, тем заметнее снижение этого показателя. Изучение соотношения субпопуляций моноцитов, особенностей их фенотипа при сепсисе помогает понять механизмы противобактериальной защиты. Мониторинг количества классических моноцитов и концентрации в сыворотке IL-6 необходим для комплексной оценки воспалительного ответа при сепсисе. Определение экспрессии HLA-DR на моноцитах позволяет оценить выраженность иммуносупрессии у тяжелобольных пациентов. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Monocytes play a key role in the development of immune response in bacterial infection, because of their phagocytic, antigen-presenting and secretory functions. There are three subpopulations of monocytes: “classical” CD14+CD16-, “intermediate” CD14+CD16+, and “nonclassical” CD14+dimCD16+. These monocyte subtypes have different phenotypes and functions. The ratio of appropriate subpopulations varies with development of the antibacterial response. The aim of the present research was to study phenotypes of the monocyte subpopulations in the patients with sepsis, and changes in the monocyte subpopulation ratio, depending on the presence of bacteria in circulating blood of the patients, as well as to estimate contribution of the monocyte subpopulations to the cytokine production. We observed 16 patients with sepsis (10 men and 6 women; mean age, 58±14 years, SOFA 9.4±2.1; a total of 44 blood samples) examined in dynamics. The control group included healthy adults (n = 23, 12 men and 11 women; mean age, 51±13 years). Laboratory studies included bacteriological cultures, determination of absolute and relative numbers of subpopulations of classical, intermediate and non-classical monocytes and their expression of HLA-DR and CD64, determination of IL-6, TNFα, IL-1β, IL-10 concentration in blood serum. Absolute number of monocytes was increased in the sepsis patients, the ratio of classical monocytes was also increased, like as relative and absolute numbers of  intermediate cells. Meanwhile, the subpopulation of non-classical monocytes did not change significantly. The monocyte subpopulation ratio depended on the presence of bacteria in blood, i.e., a higher proportion of intermediate cells was observed in the samples positive for bacteria in blood cultures. The ratio of subpopulations was restored after elimination of bacteria from the circulation. The expression density of LPS receptor (CD14), IgG receptors (CD16 and  CD64) was found to be increased, especially in the subpopulations of intermediate and nonclassical monocytes. In all subpopulations of monocytes, expression of HLA-DR is reduced, most notably in classical monocytes, least in intermediate cells. There was a significant increase in serum levels of IL-6, IL-1β, TNFα and IL-10 cytokines. Direct correlation between the absolute number of classical monocytes and IL-6 concentration was revealed, as well as intensity of multiple organ dysfunction. Increase in absolute amount of classical monocytes and IL-6 concentration might serve as an indirect criterion for evaluation of endothelial activation, an active producer of IL-6 and myeloid cell growth factors. A direct correlation between the percentage of CD14+CD16+ cells and IL-10 concentration in blood serum indicates to an important role of intermediate monocytes in IL-10 production. IL-10 suppresses the antigen-presenting function of intermediate cells, namely, expression of HLA-DR molecules, as suggested by inverse correlation between the IL-10 concentration and HLA-DR expression density on CD14+CD16+ cells. We have also determined an inverse correlation between the degree of multi-organ dysfunction  and relative amount of HLA-DR+ monocytes. The larger was a classical monocyte subpopulation, the more noticeable was a decrease of this index. The studies in ratios of monocyte subpopulations help to understand the mechanisms of antibacterial protection in sepsis. Monitoring of classical monocyte numbers and serum concentrations of IL-6 is necessary for a comprehensive assessment of inflammatory response in sepsis. Determination of HLADR expression on monocytes allows us to evaluate the intensity of immune suppression in critically ill patients. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>субпопуляции моноцитов</kwd><kwd>сепсис</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd><kwd>классические моноциты</kwd><kwd>переходные моноциты</kwd><kwd>воспаление</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>monocyte subsets</kwd><kwd>sepsis</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd><kwd>classical monocytes</kwd><kwd>intermediate monocytes</kwd><kwd>inflammation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лазанович В.А., Маркелова Е.В., Смирнов Г.А., Смолина Т.П. Клиническая значимость экспрессии Toll2, Toll4, CD14, HLA-DR на моноцитах у пациентов с сепсисом // Медицинская иммунология, 2015. Т. 17, № 3. С. 221-228. [Lazanovich V.A., Markelova E.V., Smirnov G.A., Smolina T.P. 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