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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-2018-5-681-690</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-1636</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ЦИТОКИНПРОДУЦИРУЮЩИЙ РЕСУРС ИММУНОКОМПЕТЕНТНЫХ КЛЕТОК КРОВИ ПРИ ОПУХОЛЯХ И ПРЕДРАКОВЫХ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯХ МОЛОЧНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>CYTOKINE-PRODUCING RESOURCE OF IMMUNOCOMPETENT BLOOD CELLS IN BREAST TUMORS AND PRECANCEROUS CHANGES OF MAMMARY GLAND</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhaylova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник центральной научно-исследовательской лаборатории; старший научный сотрудник лаборатории метаболизма лекарств и фармакокинетики.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Research Associate, Сentral Research Laboratory; Senior Research Associate, Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lpciip@211.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вараксин</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Varaksin</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующий лабораторией.</p><p>Новосибирск.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of Laboratory.</p><p>Novosibirsk.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Архипов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Arkhipov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., заведующий лабораторией иммуногистохимии, биохимии и фармакологии, центральная научно-исследовательской лаборатория; старший научный сотрудник лаборатории метаболизма лекарств и фармакокинетики</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Biology), Head, Laboratory of Immunohistochemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Сentral Research Laboratory; Senior Research Associate, Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голованова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golovanova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник центральной научно-исследовательской лаборатории.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Research Associate, Сentral Research Laboratory.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Студеникина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Studenikina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник центральной научно-исследовательской лаборатории.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Research Associate, Сentral Research Laboratory.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аутеншлюс</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Autenshlyus</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., профессор, заведующий  центральной научно-исследовательской лабораторией; главный научный  сотрудник лаборатории метаболизма лекарств и фармакокинетики.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Biology), Professor, Head, Central Research Laboratory; Chief Research Associate, Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет»; ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт молекулярной биологии и биофизики.</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State Medical University; Research Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>АО «Вектор-Бест».</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>JSC “Vector-Best”.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет».</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State Medical University.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>11</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>681</fpage><lpage>690</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Михайлова Е.С., Вараксин Н.А., Архипов С.А., Голованова А.В., Студеникина А.А., Аутеншлюс А.И., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Михайлова Е.С., Вараксин Н.А., Архипов С.А., Голованова А.В., Студеникина А.А., Аутеншлюс А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mikhaylova E.S., Varaksin N.A., Arkhipov S.A., Golovanova A.V., Studenikina A.A., Autenshlyus A.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/1636">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/1636</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящее время в группу предраковых поражений протоков молочной железы, согласно Международному агентству по изучению рака, включена только протоковая карцинома in situ. Однако, исходя из данных литературы, помимо протоковой карциномы in situ, к предраковым изменениям можно отнести склерозирующий аденоз, внутрипротоковые пролиферативные поражения и радиальный рубец. Многообразие как доброкачественных, так и злокачественных процессов в молочной железе, особенности роста новообразований и возраст пациентов требуют новых подходов к изучению процесса канцерогенеза в молочной железе. Исходя из известной роли цитокинов в патогенезе злокачественных новообразований, целью исследования явилась оценка цитокинпродуцирующего ресурса иммунокомпетентных клеток крови при злокачественных, доброкачественных заболеваниях и предраковых изменениях молочной железы. Для оценки цитокинпродуцирующего ресурса иммунокомпетентных клеток крови пациентов изучали индекс влияния поликлональных активаторов на продукцию цитокинов иммунокомпетентными клетками крови пациентов с инвазивным протоковым раком, являющимся по гистологическому типу аденокарциномой (I группа), и пациентов с незлокачественными новообразованиями молочной железы (II группа). В дальнейшем пациенты с незлокачественными новообразованиями молочной железы была разделены на группу только с фиброаденомой и мастопатией (III группа) и на группу, в которую вошли пациенты с пред-раковыми заболеваниями – склерозирующим аденозом и межпротоковыми пролифератами (IV груп-па). С помощью твердофазного иммуноферментного анализа определяли концентрацию IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17, IL-18, IL-1β, IL-1ra, TNFα, IFNγ, G-CSF, GM-CSF, VEGF и MCP-1. При сравнении I и II групп были получены более высокие индексы влияния поликлональных активаторов на продукцию G-CSF и GM-CSF у пациентов с инвазивным протоковым раком. Более высокие зна-чения при сравнении индексов влияния поликлональных активаторов на продукцию цитокинов пациентов I и III групп были получены у больных с инвазивным протоковым раком по продукции IL2, G-CSF и GMCSF, а у пациентов с фиброаденомой и мастопатией – по продукции IL-18 и TNFα. При сравнении пациентов I и IV групп были получены более высокие индексы влияния поликлональных активаторов только на продукцию IL-1ra, G-CSF и VEGF при инвазивном протоковом раке. При сравнении индексов влияния поликлональных активаторов на продукцию цитокинов III и IV групп были получены более высокие показатели у пациентов с доброкачественными изменениями последующим цитокинам: IL-8, IL-18, IL-1β, IL-1ra и TNFα. Более низкие индексы влияния поликлональных активаторов на продукцию ряда цитокинов пациентов с предраковыми изменения-ми по сравнению с пациентами со злокачественными и доброкачественными опухолями молочной железы не свидетельствуют о снижении функциональной активности иммунокомпетентных клеток крови, а обусловлены высоким уровнем спонтанной продукции цитокинов при склерозирующем аденозе и межпротоковых пролифератах.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>At present, only ductal carcinoma in situ is included into the group of precancerous lesions of mammary ducts, according to International Agency for the Study of Cancer. However, based on recent publications, in addition to ductal carcinoma in situ, sclerosing adenosis, intraductal proliferative lesions and radial scar may be also attributed to precancerous changes. A variety of both benign and malignant events in mammary gland, the features of neoplastic growth and age of the patients require new approaches to study of carcinogenic events in mammary gland. As based on the known role of cytokines in genesis of malignancies, the aim of the study was to evaluate the cytokine-producing resource of immunocompetent blood cells in malignant, benign and precancerous mammary disorders. To assess the cytokine-producing resource of immunocompetent blood cells in the patients, we studied quantitative effects of polyclonal activators upon production of cytokines by immunocompetent blood cells of patients with invasive ductal cancer representing a histological type of adenocarcinoma (group I), and patients with non-malignant breast neoplasias (group II). At subsequent step, the patients with non-malignant neoplasms of the breast were divided into a subgroup of patients with only fibroadenoma and mastopathy (group III), and a group which included patients with precancerous diseases, i.e., sclerosing adenosis and interductal proliferates (group IV). Concentrations of IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17, IL-18, IL-1β, IL-1ra, TNFα, IFNγ, G-CSF, GM-CSF, VEGF, and MCP-1 were determined by solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. When comparing groups I and II, we revealed higher influence of polyclonal activators upon production of G-CSF and GM-CSF in patients with invasive ductal cancer. When comparing the influence of polyclonal activation for cytokine production in patients of I and III groups, higher values were registered in patients with invasive ductal cancer (production of IL-2, G-CSF, and GM-CSF), and in patients with fibroadenoma and mastopathy (IL-18, and TNFαproduction). When comparing patients of groups I and IV, higher indexes of the polyclonal activator effects were found only for IL-1ra, G-CSF, and VEGF production in invasive ductal cancer. When comparing the indexes of polyclonal activator influence upon cytokine production of groups III and IV, higher values were obtained in patients with benign changes for the following cytokines: IL-8, IL-18, IL-1β, IL-1ra and TNFα, in contrast to patients with sclerosing adenosis and proliferates. The lower indexes of polyclonal activating effects upon the production of a number of cytokines in patients with precancerous changes, as compared to patients with malignant and benign breast tumors, do not indicate a decreased functional activity of immunocompetent blood cells. However, those may be due to high level of spontaneous cytokine production in sclerosing adenosis and interductal proliferates.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>цитокины</kwd><kwd>иммунокомпетентные клетки крови</kwd><kwd>опухоли</kwd><kwd>предраковые изменения молочной железы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cytokines</kwd><kwd>blood immunocompetent cells</kwd><kwd>tumors</kwd><kwd>precancerous changes</kwd><kwd>mammary gland</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Соснина А.В., Великая Н.В., Вараксин Н.А., Гришаев М.П., Аутеншлюс А.И. Роль цитокинов в патогенезе злокачественных новообразований. Новосибирск: Офсет, 2014. 128 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sosnina A.V., Velikaya N.V., Varaksin N.A., Grishaev M.P., Autenshlyus A.I. The role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of malignant neoplasms. 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