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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-2017-5-513-520</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-1350</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МЕТОДЫ ГЕМАГГЛЮТИНАЦИИ В ОЦЕНКЕ СПЕЦИФИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ПРЕПАРАТОВ ИММУНОГЛОБУЛИНОВ ЧЕЛОВЕКА ДЛЯ ВНУТРИВЕННОГО ВВЕДЕНИЯ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>HAEMAGGLUTINATION TECHNIQUES TO EVALUATE SPECIFIC SAFETY OF HUMAN INTRAVENOUS IMMUNOGLOBULINS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корнилова</surname><given-names>О. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kornilova</surname><given-names>O. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Корнилова О.Г. – кандидат медицинских наук, эксперт лаборатории иммуноглобулинов и препаратов крови ФГБУ «Научный центр экспертизы средств медицинского применения» Министерства здравоохранения РФ.</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kornilova O.G., PhD (Medicine), Expert, Laboratory of Immunoglobulin and Blood Preparations, Research Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products.</p><p>Moscow. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kornilova@expmed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Парамонова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Paramonova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Парамонова Е.В. – эксперт лаборатории иммуноглобулинов и препаратов крови ФГБУ «Научный центр экспертизы средств медицинского применения» Министерства здравоохранения РФ.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Paramonova E.V., Expert, Laboratory of Immunoglobulin and Blood Preparations, Research Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нечаев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nechaev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нечаев А.В. – эксперт лаборатории иммуноглобулинов и препаратов крови ФГБУ «Научный центр экспертизы средств медицинского применения» Министерства здравоохранения РФ.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nechaev A.V., Expert, Laboratory of Immunoglobulin and Blood Preparations, Research Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудашева</surname><given-names>Э. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudasheva</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кудашева Э.Ю. – кандидат медицинских наук, начальник лаборатории иммуноглобулинов и препаратов крови ФГБУ «Научный центр экспертизы средств медицинского применения» Министерства здравоохранения РФ.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kudasheva E.Yu., PhD (Medicine), Head, Laboratory of Immunoglobulin and Blood Preparations, Research Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борисевич</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borisevich</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Борисевич И.В. – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, директор Центра планирования и координации научно-исследовательских работ ФГБУ «Научный центр экспертизы средств медицинского применения» Министерства здравоохранения РФ.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Borisevich I.V., PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Director, Center for Research Planning and Coordination, Research Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кишкурно</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kishkurno</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кишкурно Н.И. – старший специалист по интеллектуальной собственности отдела редакционно-издательской деятельности и защиты интеллектуальной собственности Центра планирования и координации научно-исследовательских работ ФГБУ «Научный центр экспертизы средств медицинского применения» Министерства здравоохранения РФ.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kishkurno N.I. – Senior Specialist of Intellectual Property Division for Publishing Activity and Protection of Intellectual Property, Center for Research Planning and Coordination, Research Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Научный центр экспертизы средств медицинского применения» Министерства здравоохранения РФ.</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>10</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>513</fpage><lpage>520</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Корнилова О.Г., Парамонова Е.В., Нечаев А.В., Кудашева Э.Ю., Борисевич И.В., Кишкурно Н.И., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Корнилова О.Г., Парамонова Е.В., Нечаев А.В., Кудашева Э.Ю., Борисевич И.В., Кишкурно Н.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kornilova O.G., Paramonova E.V., Nechaev A.V., Kudasheva E.Y., Borisevich I.V., Kishkurno N.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/1350">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/1350</self-uri><abstract><p>Проблема безопасности препаратов иммуноглобулинов человека для внутривенного введения особенно остро проявляется в современной фармакотерапии иммунодефицитных состояний, гематологических и неврологических заболеваний, в транспланталогии. На фоне массивных инфузий этих препаратов выявляются осложнения, связанные со спонтанной активацией системы комплемента с образованием анафилатоксинов, активацией калликреин-кининовой, плазминовой систем и системы свертывания крови, изменением реологических свойств крови, инициацией внутрисосудистого гемолиза. У определенных групп пациентов эти осложнения могут быть обусловлены наличием в препаратах иммуноглобулинов человека для внутривенного введения таких антиэритроцитарных антител, как анти-А- и анти-В-гемагглютинины, анти-D-антитела. Для минимизации риска развития возможных нежелательных эффектов при применении к препаратам крови человека предъявляют высокие требования специфической безопасности, одним из показателей которой является содержание антиэритроцитарных антител. Представлен литературный обзор по проблемам изучения содержания анти-А- и анти-В-гемагглютининов и анти-D-антител методами гемагглютинации с целью оценки специфической безопасности препаратов иммуноглобулинов человека для внутривенного введения. Продемонстрированы этапы становления современных стандартов качества препаратов иммуноглобулинов человека для внутривенного введения по содержанию этих антител. Проведен анализ методов гемагглютинации, применяемых для оценки препаратов иммуноглобулинов человека для внутривенного введения, выявлены их недостатки и преимущества, рассмотрены различные модификации методов, позволяющие оптимизировать процесс контроля качества препаратов по содержанию гемагглютининов и анти-D-антител. Показана необходимость корректировки норм и совершенствования методов оценки содержания гемагглютининов в препаратах иммуноглобулинов человека с содержанием белка 100 мг/мл. Рассмотрены особенности российских национальных стандартов качества препаратов иммуноглобулинов человека в отношении оценки содержания в них гемагглютининов и анти-D-антител. Сделан вывод, что методы гемагглютинации являются наиболее информативными и экономически обоснованными в оценке специфической безопасности препаратов иммуноглобулинов человека для внутривенного введения по содержанию анти-А -и анти-Вгемагглютининов и анти-D-антител.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The safety issues of human intravenous immunoglobulin preparations are particularly important in modern pharmacotherapy for immunodeficiencies, hematologic and neurologic diseases, like as at transplant centers. Upon massive infusions of these media some complications are detected that are associated with spontaneous activation of complement system accompanied by production of anaphylatoxins, as well as activation of kallikrein/kinin, plasmin, and blood coagulation systems, changed blood rheology, initiation of intravascular hemolysis. For distinct groups of patients, these complications may be due to presence of some anti-erythrocyte antibodies (e.g., anti-A and anti-B haemagglutinins, anti-D antibodies) in the intravenous human immunoglobulin preparations. In the present review article, we show development of current quality standards for human intravenous immunoglobulins based on determination of antibody contents. Antibodies to erythrocytes represent a special safety index aiming to minimize risk of possible adverse effects connected with transfusions of human blood preparations. Different haemagglutination tests were compared to assess contents of anti-A, anti-B haemagglutinins and anti-D antibodies for specific safety of human intravenous immunoglobulins. Analysis of haemagglutination techniques for evaluation of human intravenous immunoglobulin preparations revealed their relative advantages and disadvantages. Various modifications of the methods are discussed, thus allowing to optimize process of quality control for these preparations based on detection of haemagglutinins and anti-D antibodies. We demonstrate a necessity to adjust regulations and to improve evaluation techniques for haemagglutinin determination in human immunoglobulin preparations at amounts of 100 mg/ml of protein. Special features of Russian national quality standards for human immunoglobulin preparations are considered with respect to assessment of haemagglutinins and anti-D contents. One may conclude that haemagglutination methods present the most informative and economically substantiated approach when assessing specific safety of human intravenous immunoglobulins by measuring contents of anti-A, anti-B haemagglutinins, and anti-D antibodies.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>препараты иммуноглобулинов человека</kwd><kwd>специфическая безопасность</kwd><kwd>анти-А- и анти-В-гемагглютинины</kwd><kwd>анти-D-антитела</kwd><kwd>методы гемагглютинации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>human immunoglobulin</kwd><kwd>specific safety</kwd><kwd>anti-A and anti-B haemagglutinins</kwd><kwd>anti-D antibodies</kwd><kwd>haemagglutination assays</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жибурт Е.Б. Трансфузиология: учебник. СПб.: Питер, 2002. 736 с. [Zhiburt E.B. Transfusion Medicine: a textbook]. 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