References

mimmun

Медицинская иммунология

Medical Immunology (Russia)

1563-06252313-741X

SPb RAACI

10.15789/1563-0625-2017-3-241-254

mimmun-1258

Research Article

ОБЗОРЫ

REVIEWS

ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ФАКТОРЫ (ГЕНЫ РЕЦЕПТОРОВ ВРОЖДЕННОГО ИММУНИТЕТА – TLRs) В ПАТОГЕНЕЗЕ АТЕРОСКЛЕРОЗА И ЕГО ОСЛОЖНЕНИЙ

GENOMIC FACTORS (TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS GENES) IN DEVELOPMENT OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND ITS CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS

Жидкова

И. И.

Zhidkova

I. I.

к.м.н., врач-кардиолог, научный сотрудник лаборатории патологии кровообращения

PhD (Medicine), Clinical Cardiologist, Research Associate, Laboratory of Circulation Pathology, Division of Polyvascular Disease

Irina04046@yandex.ru

Понасенко

А. В.

Ponasenko

A. V.

к.м.н., заведующая лабораторией геномной медицины отдела экспериментальной и клинической кардиологии

PhD (Medicine), Head, Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Division of Experimental and Clinical Cardiology

Irina04046@yandex.ru

Хуторная

М. В.

Khutornaya

M. V.

младший научный сотрудник лаборатории геномной медицины отдела экспериментальной и клинической кардиологии

Junior Research Associate, Laboratory of Genomic Medicine, Department of Experimental and Clinical Cardiology

Irina04046@yandex.ru

Кутихин

А. Г.

Kutikhin

A. G.

к.м.н., младший научный сотрудник лаборатории геномной медицины отдела экспериментальной и клинической кардиологии

PhD (Medicine), Junior Research Associate, Laboratory of Genomic Medicine, Department of Experimental and Clinical Cardiology

Irina04046@yandex.ru

Барбараш

О. Л.

Barbarash

O. L.

д.м.н., профессор, директор ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний»

PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Director, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases

Irina04046@yandex.ru

ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний», г. КемеровоРоссияResearch Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russian FederationRussian Federation

ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний», г. Кемерово ФГБОУ ВО «Кемеровский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения РФ, г. КемеровоРоссияResearch Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russian Federation Kemerovo State Medical University, Kemerovo, Russian FederationRussian Federation

2017

04072017

193241254

2017

Жидкова И.И., Понасенко А.В., Хуторная М.В., Кутихин А.Г., Барбараш О.Л.

Zhidkova I.I., Ponasenko A.V., Khutornaya M.V., Kutikhin A.G., Barbarash O.L.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/1258

Резюме. Имеется генетически обусловленная предрасположенность к развитию атеросклероза и его осложнений (развитие инфаркта миокарда [ИМ], прогрессирующая стенокардия, острое нарушение мозгового кровообращения [ОНМК] по ишемическому типу], в которой одно из приоритетных мест отводится генам рецепторов врожденного иммунитета – TLRs (Toll-like рецепторы). Определение аллельных вариантов генов рецепторов врожденного иммунитета (TLRs) является одним из перспективных направлений в изучении генетических факторов риска развития воспаления в сосудистой стенке, а также формирования и стабильности атеросклеротической бляшки (АСБ). В патогенез атеросклероза вовлечено огромное количество клеток иммунной системы, биологически активных веществ, оказывающих различные влияния на сосудистую стенку и участвующих в реализации универсальной реакции воспаления. Развитие локальной воспалительной реакции, лежащее в основе дестабилизации бляшек и дисфункции эндотелия, связано с активацией TLRs и индукцией синтеза провоспалительных цитокинов. В обзоре проведен анализ данных литературы, раскрывающих роль вариабельности аллельных вариантов генов (TLRs) в развитии и прогрессировании атеросклероза и его осложнений. Поиск генетических маркеров риска развития атеросклероза является эффективным методом персонализированной медицины, способствующей составлению прогноза течения заболевания и разработки профилактических мероприятий с целью предупреждения прогрессирования данной патологии.

Development of atherosclerosis and its clinical manifestations, i.e. unstable angina, myocardial infarction, and ischemic stroke, is largely determined by a genetic inheritance, particularly inherited variation of the genes encoding Toll-like receptors (TLRs), a major effector of innate immune system. Polymorphisms of the TLR genes may affect vascular inflammation, as well as plaque formation and its stability. Miriades of immune cells and bioactive substances are involved into pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. They exert different effects upon vascular wall and participate in development of universal inflammatory response. Local inflammatory reaction underlyes atherosclerotic plaque destabilization and endothelial dysfunction. This response is associated with TLR activation and induced synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines. Here we review the literature on the role of inherited variations within the TLR genes in the development and progression of atherosclerosis and its complications. Moreoxer, we conclude that a search for genomic markers of atherosclerosis, e.g., TLR gene polymorphisms, may be applied in personalized cardiovascular medicine, in order to predict clinical course and evolution of the disorder, like as to perform prophylactic measures aimed for prevention of the disease progression.

атеросклерозполиморфизм геновTLRsаллельные вариантырецепторы врожденного иммунитетавоспалениеиммунный ответ

atherosclerosisgene polymorphismsToll-like receptorsallelic variantsinnate immune receptorsinflammationimmune response

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.