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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-2016-5-405-416</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-1063</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОПУХОЛЕСПЕЦИФИЧЕСКИЙ ИММУННЫЙ ОТВЕТ ПОСЛЕ ФОТОДИНАМИЧЕСКОЙ ТЕРАПИИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>TUMOR-SPECIFIC IMMUNE RESPONSE AFTER PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анохин</surname><given-names>Ю. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anokhin</surname><given-names>Yu. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заведующий кафедрой радионуклидной медицины;</p><p>ведущий научный сотрудник отдела комбинированных воздействий,  </p><p>г. Обнинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Head, Nuclear Medicine Department;</p><p>Leading Research Associate, Department of Combined Effects,</p><p>Obninsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абакушина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abakushina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент кафедры радионуклидной медицины;</p><p>старший научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической иммунологии,</p><p>249036, г. Обнинск, ул. Королева, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Department of Radionuclide Medicine;</p><p>Senior Research Associate, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology,</p><p>249036, Obninsk, Koroleva, str., 4</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abakushina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ИАТЭ Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет «Московский инженерно-физический институт»;&#13;
Медицинский радиологический научный центр им. А.Ф. Цыба – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский радиологический центр» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Nuclear University “Moscow Engineering Physics Institute”;&#13;
A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre, Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>08</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>405</fpage><lpage>416</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Анохин Ю.Н., Абакушина Е.В., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Анохин Ю.Н., Абакушина Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Anokhin Y.N., Abakushina E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/1063">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/1063</self-uri><abstract><p>Рост заболеваемости злокачественными новообразованиями диктует поиск новых способов терапии. Фотодинамическая терапия (ФДТ) является эффективным средством для лечения рака. Она основана на введении фотосенсибилизатора, с последующим облучением опухоли видимым светом. Доклинические исследования показали, что локальная фотодинамическая терапия повышает системный противоопухолевый иммунитет. Кроме того, давно известно, что долгосрочная эффективность ФДТ зависит от адаптивного иммунитета. Понятно, что иммунная система играет фундаментальную роль в этом процессе. Одним интересным аспектом ФДТ является ее способность стимулировать системный иммунный ответ против локально обработанной опухоли. Как было показано, ФДТ эффективно стимулирует как врожденный, так и адаптивный иммунитет, вызывая высвобождение медиаторов при развитии острой воспалительной реакции, что приводит к инфильтрации обработанного участка большим количеством нейтрофилов, дендритных клеток и других участников процесса. Эффективность ФДТ частично зависит от процесса индукции противоопухолевого иммунного ответа, который зависит от цитотоксических Т-лимфоцитов и клеток естественных киллеров (NK). Посредством набора рецепторов натуральные киллеры распознают на поверхности клеток молекулы, экспрессия которых указывает на вирусную инфекцию, опухолеобразование или повреждения, вызванные клеточным стрессом. NK- клетки участвуют в различных биологических процессах в организме; они играют важную роль в иммунном надзоре и могут быть использованы для лечения рака. Было продемонстрировано, что после ФДТ опухолевые клетки обладают повышенной чувствительностью к лизису, опосредованному NK-клетками. В этом обзоре мы сделали акцент на потенциальную взаимосвязь между ФДТ и противоопухолевым иммунным ответом.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Increased incidence of malignancies requires a search for new therapeutic approaches. E.g., photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective anti-cancer treatment that involves administration of a photosensitizing dye followed by visible light irradiation of the tumor. Pre-clinical studies have shown that local photodynamic therapy enhances systemic antitumor immunity. Moreover, it is well known that the long-term effects of PDT depend on functioning of intact adaptive immune response. In this context, the immune system plays a fundamental role. Interestingly, the PDT action is associated with stimulation of systemic immune response against a locally treated tumor. In fact, PDT has been shown to effectively stimulate both innate and adaptive immune systems of the host, by triggering the release of various pro-inflammatory and acutephase response mediators thus leading to massive infiltration of the treated site with neutrophils, dendritic cells and other inflammatory cells. PDT efficacy depends, in part, on induction of tumor-specific immune response which is dependent on cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. The set of specific receptors enables NK cells to recognize surface molecules on the target cells. Expression of the latter molecules is indicative of viral infection, tumor formation, or cell stress (e.g., DNA damage). The NK cells are also involved into various biological processes in the organism, playing a critical role in immune surveillance, thus representing a potential tool for cancer therapy. It was shown that the tumor cells have increased sensitivity to NK cell-mediated lytic action following PDT. In this review, we further discuss potential relationships between PDT and antitumor immune response.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фотодинамическая терапия</kwd><kwd>онкологические заболевания</kwd><kwd>противоопухолевый иммунный ответ</kwd><kwd>NK-клетки</kwd><kwd>молекулы MICA</kwd><kwd>NKG2D</kwd><kwd>активация лимфоцитов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>photodynamic therapy</kwd><kwd>cancer</kwd><kwd>antitumor immune response</kwd><kwd>natural killer cells</kwd><kwd>MICA</kwd><kwd>NKG2D molecules</kwd><kwd>lymphocyte activation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абакушина Е.В. Роль стресс-индуцированных молекул MICA/В в противоопухолевом иммунном ответе // Злокачественные опухоли, 2012. T. 2, № 2. С. 103-105. [Abakushina E.V. The role of stress-induced molecules MICA/B in the anti-tumor immune response. 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