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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-2016-4-385-394</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-1062</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИММУНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ МЕТОДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ИММУНОМЕТРИЧЕСКИЙ МЕТОД ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИЙ СВОБОДНЫХ ЛЕГКИХ ЦЕПЕЙ ИММУНОГЛОБУЛИНОВ ЧЕЛОВЕКА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>IMMUNOMETRIC ASSAY TO DETERMINE FREE LIGHT CHAIN CONCENTRATIONS OF HUMAN IMMUNOGLOBULINS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самойлович</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samoylovich</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории гибридомной технологии,</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Biology), Leading Research Associate, Hybridoma Technology Laboratory,</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грязева</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Griazeva</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории гибридомной технологии,</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>hD (Biology), Senior Research Associate, Hybridoma Technology Laboratory,</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мазинг</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mazing</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник, лаборатория диагностики аутоиммунных заболеваний,</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>hD (Medicine), Leading Research Associate, Laboratory of Diagnostics of Autoimmune Diseases,</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лапин</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lapin</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заведующий лабораторией диагностики аутоиммунных заболеваний,</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Head, Laboratory of Diagnostics of Autoimmune Diseases,</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Климович</surname><given-names>В. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klimovich</surname><given-names>V. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, заведующий лабораторией гибридомной технологии,</p><p>197136, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Гатчинская, 9, кв. 18</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head, Hybridoma Technology Laboratory,</p><p>197136, St. Petersburg, Gatchinskaya str. 9, apt 18</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vklimovich@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Российский научный центр радиологии и хирургических технологий»;&#13;
Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Center for Radiology and Surgical Technologies;&#13;
St. Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Российский научный центр радиологии и хирургических технологий»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Center for Radiology and Surgical Technologies</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБОУ ВПО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>First I.P. Pavlov State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>08</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>385</fpage><lpage>394</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Самойлович М.П., Грязева И.В., Мазинг А.В., Лапин С.В., Климович В.Б., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Самойлович М.П., Грязева И.В., Мазинг А.В., Лапин С.В., Климович В.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Samoylovich M.P., Griazeva I.V., Mazing A.V., Lapin S.V., Klimovich V.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/1062">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/1062</self-uri><abstract><p>Выявление свободных легких цепей (СЛЦ) иммуноглобулинов (Ig) и их соотношения (каппа/лямбда коэффициент) используют при диагностике и мониторинге миеломной болезни и других гаммапатий, первичного амилоидоза и рассеянного склероза. Разработанный ранее метод детекции СЛЦ, основанный на применении моноклональных антител (МКАТ) против криптических и постоянно экспонируемых эпитопов СЛЦ, не обеспечивал выявления редких вариантов белков Бенс-Джонса лямбда-типа и значительной части свободных лямбда-цепей, экскретируемых с мочой. Для усовершенствования метода использовано новое МКАТ (1С8) изотипа IgG2b, которое связывает СЛЦ лямбда-типа, но не взаимодействует сцелостными молекулами IgG, IgA иIgM. МКАТ распознает эпитоп лямбда цепей, который присутствует на антигене в циркулирующей крови здоровых доноров и пациентов с миеломной болезнью, не разрушается и не маскируется в процессе почечной фильтрации. Цель исследования состояла в определении основных характеристик новой системы и в оценке ее диагностических возможностей при выявлении моноклональных гаммапатий. В качестве калибраторов использованы смеси белков Бенс-Джонса каппа- или лямбда-типа, выделенных из мочи пациентов с миеломной болезнью. Предложенный метод позволяет выявлять в сыворотке и в моче СЛЦ каппа- и лямбда-типа в интервале концентраций от 1 до 100 нг/мл, что на три порядка превышает возможности метода Freelite, основанного на использовании поликлональных антител. Предложенный метод позволяет выявлять сопоставимые концентрации СЛЦ и вычислять коэффициент каппа/ лямбда. Метод обеспечивает выявление в сыворотке и моче СЛЦ в присутствии 10-тысячекратного избытка целостных молекул IgG. Калибровочные графики для определения концентраций СЛЦ обоих типов имеют в логарифмической системе координат вид линейных зависимостей с одинаковым углом наклона. Порог детекции СЛЦ каппа- и лямбда-типа равен 5 и 3 нг/мл соответственно. В сыворотках крови здоровых доноров средние величины концентраций (М±SD) свободных каппа-цепей составили 6,7±2,1, в моче – 4,2±3,8 мкг/мл. Соответствующие значения для лямбда-цепей составили 4,7±1,96 и 1,6±1,0 мкг/мл. Величины коэффициентов каппа/лямбда в сыворотке крови и моче сопоставимы с данными, приводимыми в литературе. В сыворотках и моче пациентов с множественной миеломой выявлены моноклональные СЛЦ того же типа, что и парапротеин, обнаруженный в сыворотке крови с помощью электрофореза с последующей иммунофиксацией. Значения коэффициентов каппа/лямбда при этом соответствовали типу выявленной гаммапатии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Detection of total free light chains (FLC) of immunoglobulins and their ratio (kappa/lambda quotient) are used in diagnostics and monitoring of multiple myeloma and other gammapathies, primary amyloidosis and multiple sclerosis. Previously described immunoassays with monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) against cryptic and constantly exposed epitopes of FLC failed to recognize rare variants of lambda Bence-Jones proteins and a significant proportion of lambda chains excreted with urine. Aiming to improve this approach, a novel murine Mab (IgG2b coded as 1C8) was employed, which specifically binds free lambda chains but doesn’t interact with native IgA, IgG, and IgM. The novel Mab recognized an epitope exposed at free lambda chains in peripheral blood of healthy donors and patients with multiple myeloma. It is not destroyed or masked upon renal filtration.</p><p>The aim of this study was to determine basic features of improved assay system, and to estimate its potential in diagnostics of monoclonal gammapathies. The mixtures of three Bence-Jones proteins of either kappa- or lambda- types purified from the urine of multiple myeloma patients were used as calibrator samples.</p><p>Improved immunometric assay is able to detect free kappa and lambda chains in serum and urine at a scale of 1 to 100 ng/ml, thus being three orders more sensitive than, e.g., detection levels of Freelite method based on polyclonal antibodies.</p><p>A novel assay allows to detect free kappa and lambda chains at comparable levels in serum or urine, and to deduce kappa/lambda ratio. The proposed assay is able to detect FLC in 10,000-fold excess of whole IgG molecules. The calibrating plots for both antigens are linear on log-log scales, with very similar slopes. Detection thresholds for kappa or lambda chains proved to be 5 and 3 ng/ml, respectively. Mean concentrations of free kappa chains in sera of healthy donors were 6.7±2.1, in urine, 4.2±3.8 mcg/ml. Mean concentrations of free lambda chains were 4.7±1.96, and 1.6±1.0 mcg/ml, respectively. This method, if applied to serum and urine samples from multiple myeloma patients, revealed free light chains were similar to the paraproteins detected by means of electrophoresis/immunofixation. The values of kappa/lambda ratios corresponded to the types of gammapathies revealed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>свободные легкие цепи</kwd><kwd>Ig</kwd><kwd>белки Бенс-Джонса</kwd><kwd>гаммапатии</kwd><kwd>иммуноферментный анализ</kwd><kwd>моноклональные антитела</kwd><kwd>сыворотка крови</kwd><kwd>моча</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>immunoglobulin</kwd><kwd>free light chains</kwd><kwd>Bence-Jones proteins</kwd><kwd>gammapathies</kwd><kwd>immunoenzyme assay</kwd><kwd>monoclonal antibodies</kwd><kwd>serum</kwd><kwd>urine</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Российский научный фонд</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Грязева И.В., Климович В.Б., Пашкова С.Ф. 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